A Cutter.

  1. Bobstay.
  2. Bowsprit.
  3. Forestay.
  4. Foresail.
  5. Jib.
  6. Topmost Stay.
  7. Mast.
  8. Topmast.
  9. Mainsail.
  10. Main Boom.
  11. Main Gaff.
  12. Gaff Topsail.
  13. Peak Haulyards.
  14. Throat Haulyards.
  15. Mainsheet.
  16. Rudder.
  17. Lead Ballast.
  18. Jib Sheets.
  19. The Cap.
  20. Cross Trees.

Fig. 1.

A Sleigh that can be Steered.—With the sketches we shall give, a boy unaided, or with a little assistance from a carpenter, will be able to make a sleigh that he can steer. Take a piece of board 9½ feet long, six inches wide and 7/8 of an inch thick. Ash is excellent. Avoid large knots. Let Fig. 1 represent the face of the board. From B measure three inches to C. Connect A C. From A measure two feet, four times. These measurements will give you D E F G. From C repeat this process and you will have H I J and K. Saw from A to C; from D to H; from E to I; F to J, and from G to K. You will have now four pieces of wood like the piece in Fig. 2 and some wood to spare for a purpose that will be explained soon. With regard to your four pieces of wood which are to serve for runners remember that two will be right-hand runners and two left-hand runners, because the treatment of each kind varies a little.

Fig. 2.

With regard to Fig. 2 draw the curved line A E. No rule can be given for this except that B E represents eight inches. Cut the curve from A to E, round off the angle C D B a little, and you will have a runner from which the three remaining runners may be made. This runner however is not yet finished. From C in Fig. 2 measure 2½ inches to F, then another 2½ inches to G. Make F H one inch deep and G I. Then connect H I. Measure 8 inches from G to J and then mark off J K L M making it like H G F I. Now direct your attention to the upper edge of the runner represented in Fig. 3. Two points will have been fixed already. M J, G F. To find the remaining points N O, P Q draw the lines M N; J O; G P and F Q making the angles N M J; O J M; P G F and Q F G the same as the angle B D C in Fig. 2. Now saw and chisel out carefully N O M J L K and P Q G F I H making what joiners call mortices. In repeating this process upon the other runners remember to have the narrower end of these dovetails inside the sledge. The arrangement will be as in Fig. 4.