Fig. 4. Rigg’s Farm, Near Aysgarth, Wensleydale.

From this sketch, and the foregoing examples, we arrive at the following rules:—

Horizontal, receding lines, if they are below the level of the eyes, appear to rise.

Horizontal, receding lines, if they are above the level of the eyes, appear to descend.

Spaces, as they recede, appear to become smaller.

Objects, as they recede, appear to become smaller.

All horizontal receding lines have their vanishing point upon the line of sight.