See [above] (on the right) its state after the War.
The Ramparts of the Citadelle and the Porte Neuve.
The Citadelle.
The Citadelle occupies the site of the ancient abbeys or churches of Sainte-Vanne, erected in the Merovingian period and the 15th century.
The first Citadelle was completed under Henry IV. The second was the work of Vauban. The church of Sainte-Vanne which had survived was pulled down in 1831. During the war, the deep underground caves were a safe place of refuge for the inhabitants before their departure and for relief troops during the battle.
A Canteen installed in the Citadelle.