Table the 7th of his 15th section exhibits several good figures of some of these lichens.

Tournefort was the first, who adapted the generical term lichen to them; but it was in consequence of his joining them to the lichen of the shops. He has however excluded the coralline-mosses, and forms them into a genus, by the name of coralloides; to which he has connected some plants, properly of the fungus tribe. In this distinction he is followed by Dr. Boerhaave in his Index alter Plantarum.

Dr. Dillenius first called them lichenoides, in the catalogue of plants growing about Giessen, chusing to retain the word lichen to the liverwort of the shops. Under this name however, in this work, he does not comprehend the usneæ, or hairy tree-mosses, but refers them to the conservæ, adding the epithet arborea to each species, to distinguish them from the water kinds. He enumerates upwards of sixty species of lichenoides, but has applied few or no synonyms to them.

Under the same generic term he has introduced them into the third edition of Ray’s Synopsis of British Plants, taking in the usneæ, and recounting upwards of ninety species, all found spontaneously growing in England. Many of these are undoubtedly only varieties. They are in this work very naturally divided into several orders and subdivisions, for the greater ease of distinguishing them, as follows:

Lichenoides }
caulifera }1. Capillacea et non tubulosa scutellata.
2. Coralliformia tuberculosa plerumque. }a. Solida et non tubulosa.
b. Tubulosa.
3. Pyxidata.
4. Fungiformia.
cauliculis destituta }1. Mere crustacea.
2. Crusta foliosa scutellata seu foliis scutellatis arcte adnascentibus - }a. Substantiæ gelatinosæ.
b. Substantiæ durioris.
3. Foliis magis liberis nec tam arcte adnascentibus }a. Scutellatis et tuberculatis.
b. Peltatis.

M. Vaillant, in the Botanicon Parisiense, retains Tournefort’s names. Many of these lichens, as well as other mosses, are accurately represented in the elegant tables, which adorn that work. Dr. Haller tells us he learnt to distinguish almost all the mosses solely by the help of these tables, so well are they expressed. The lovers of botanic science are greatly indebted to Boerhaave for his publication of that work.

Micheli, after Tournefort, adopts the term lichen, and comprehends all the species under it, except one or two, which he calls lichenoides. This author however does not take into this genus the liverwort of the materia medica; he describes the species of that genus under the name of marchantiæ. Near twenty of the plates in his Nova Plantarum Genera are taken up in representing various species of this genus. In this work they are divided into thirty-eight orders or subdivisions; a circumstance very necessary indeed, considering how greatly he has multiplied the number of the species. It is to be regretted, that so indefatigable an author, one whose genius particularly led him to scrutinize the minuter subjects of the science, should have been so solicitous to increase the number of species under all his genera: an error this, which tends to great confusion and embarassment, and must retard the progress and real improvement of the botanic science.

Dr. Haller retains Micheli’s term, and enumerates 160 kinds in his Enumeratio Stirpium Helvetiæ: he divides them into seven orders, according to the following titles: