and this, in conjunction with

(46) tan i =dy=dy/dx,
dxdtdt
(47) sec2 idi=(dxd2y-dyd2x)/(dx)2
,
dtdtdt2dtdt2dt

reduces to

(48) di=-gcos i, or d tan i=-g,
dtvdtv cos i

the equation obtained, as in (18), by resolving normally in the trajectory, but di now denoting the increment of i in the increment of time dt.

Denoting dx/dt, the horizontal component of the velocity, by q, so that

(49) v cos i = q,

equation (43) becomes

(50) dq/dt = -r cos i,