[4] J. Rühlmann, Die Geschichte der Bogeninstrumente (Brunswick, 1882), p. 143.
[5] Fétis, op. cit. p. 119.
[6] Antoine Vidal, Les Instruments à archet (Paris, 1876-1878), tome i. p. 269
[7] De Cantu et Musica Sacra (1774), tome ii. pl. xxxii. No. 18; the MS. has since perished by fire.
[8] See, for an illustration of the bowed instrument on one of the sides of a Byzantine ivory casket, 9th century, in the Carrand Collection, Florence, A. Venturi, Gallerie Nazionali Italiane, iii. (Rome, 1897), plate, p. 263; and Add. MS. 19,352, British Museum, Greek Psalter, dated 1066.
[9] See Jean Clédat, “Le Monastère et la nécropole de Baouît,” in Mém. de l’Inst. franç. d’archéol. orient. du Caire, vol. xii. (1904), chap. xviii. pl. lxiv. (2); also Fernand Cabrol, Dict. d’archéol. chrétienne, s.v. “Baouît.”
[10] For an illustration, see Sonnerat, Voyage aux Indes orientales (Paris, 1806), vol. i. p. 182.
[11] Op. cit. pp. 4-10.
[12] Op. cit. vol. i. p. 3 and pl. ii.
[13] Edward Heron-Allen, Violin-making as it was and is (London, 1884), pp. 37-42, figs. 5-10.