| I. Spanish | |
| Gasper de Portolá | served 1767-1770 |
| Filipe de Barri | ” 1771-1774 |
| Felipe de Neve | ” 1774-1782 |
| Pedro Pages | ” 1782-1791 |
| Jose Antonio Romeu | ” 1791-1792 |
| *José Joaquin de Arillaga | ” 1792-1794 |
| Diego de Borica | ” 1794-1800 |
| *José Joaquin de Arillaga | ” 1800-1804 |
| José Joaquin de Arillaga | ” 1804-1814 |
| *José Diario Arguello | ” 1814-1815 |
| Pablo Vicente de Sola | ” 1815-1822 |
| II. Mexican | |
| Pablo Vicente de Sola | served 1822 |
| *Luis Antonio Arguello | ” 1822-1825 |
| José Maria Echeandía | ” 1825-1831 |
| Manuel Victoria | ” 1831 |
| José Maria Echeandía[7] | ” 1831-1832 |
| Pio Pico[8] | ” 1832 |
| José Figueroa | ” 1832-1835 |
| *José Castro | ” 1835-1836 |
| *Nicolas Gutierrez | ” 1836 |
| Mariano Chico | ” 1836 |
| Nicolas Gutierrez | ” 1836 |
| Juan Bautista Alvarado[9] | ” 1836-1842 |
| Carlos Antonio Carrillo[10] | ” 1837-1838 |
| Manuel Micheltorena | ” 1842-1845 |
| Pio Pico | ” 1845-1846 |
| III American | |
| (a) Military | |
| John D. Sloat | appointed 1846 |
| Richard F. Stockton | ” 1846-1847 |
| Stephen W. Kearny | ” 1847 |
| R.B. Mason | ” 1847-1849 |
| Bennett Riley | ” 1849 |
| (b) State. | ||
| Peter H. Burnett | 1849-1851 | Democrat |
| *John H. McDougall | 1851-1852 | ” |
| John Bigler | 1852-1856 | ” |
| John M. Johnson | 1856-1858 | Know Nothing |
| John B. Weller | 1858-1860 | Lecompton Democrat |
| Milton S. Latham | 1869 (6 days) | ” ” |
| *John G. Downey | 1860-1862 | ” ” |
| Leland Stanford | 1862-1863 | Republican |
| Frederick F. Low | 1863-1867 | ” |
| Henry H. Haight | 1867-1871 | Democrat |
| Newton Booth | 1871-1875 | Republican |
| *Romualdo Pacheco | 1875 | ” |
| William Irwin | 1875-1880 | Democrat |
| George G. Perkins | 1880-1883 | Republican |
| George C. Stoneman | 1883-1887 | Democrat |
| Washington Bartlett | 1887 | ” |
| *Robert W. Waterman | 1887-1891 | Republican |
| Henry H. Markham | 1891-1895 | ” |
| James H. Budd | 1895-1899 | Democrat |
| Henry T. Gage | 1899-1903 | Republican |
| George C. Pardee | 1903-1907 | ” |
| James N. Gillett | 1907-1911 | ” |
| Hiram W. Johnson | 1911- | ” |
The mark * before the name of one of the Spanish governors indicates that he acted only ad interim, and, in the case of governors since 1849, that the officer named was elected as lieutenant-governor and succeeded to the office of governor.
Bibliography.—For list of works on California, see University of California Library Bulletin, No. 9, 1887, “List of Printed Maps of California”; catalogue of state official publications by State Library (Sacramento, 1894). The following may be cited here on different aspects:—
Topography.—J. Muir, Mountains of California (New York, 1894); H. Gannett, “Dictionary of Elevations” (1898), and “River Profiles,” publications of United States Geological Survey; G.W. James, The Wonders of the Colorado Desert (2 vols., Boston, 1906).
Climate, &c.—U.S. Department of Agriculture, California Climate and Crop Service, monthly reports; E.S. Holden, Recorded, Earthquakes in California, Lower California, Oregon, and Washington Territory (California State University, 1887); United States Department Agriculture, Weather Bureau, Bulletins, Alexander G. McAdie, “Climatology of California” (Washington, 1903). There is a great mass of general descriptive literature, especially on Southern California, such as Charles Dudley Warner, Our Italy (New York, 1891); Kate Sanborn, A Truthful Woman in Southern California (New York, 1893); W. Lindley and J.P. Widney, California of the South (New York, 1896); J.W. Hanson, American Italy (Chicago, 1896); T.S. Van Dyke, Southern California (New York, 1886), &c.
Fauna, Flora.—Muir, op. cit.; United States Geological Survey, 19th Annual Report, pt. v., H. Gannett, “Forests of the United States”; idem, 20th Annual Report, pt. v., “United States Forest Reserves”; United States Division of Forestry, Bulletin No. 28, “A Short Account of the Big Trees of California” (1900), No. 38, “The Redwood” (a volume, 1903), also Professional Papers, e.g. No. 8, J.B. Leiberg, “Forest Conditions in the Northern Sierra Nevada” (1902); California Board of Forestry, Reports (1885- ); United States Censuses, reports on forests; United States Biological Survey, North American Fauna, No. 16, 1899, C.H. Merriam, “Biological Survey of Mt. Shasta”; United States Department Agriculture, Contributions from United States National Herbarium, iv., 1893, F.V. Coville, “Botany of Death Valley Expedition”; State Board of Fish Commissioners, Reports, from 1877; United States Fish Commissioners, Annual Reports, from 1871, and Bulletins from 1882; J. le Conte, “Flora of the Coast Islands” (1887), being Bulletin No. 8 of California Academy of Sciences; consult also its Proceedings, Memoirs, and Occasional Papers; G.J. Peirce, Studies on the Coast Redwood (publication of Leland Stanford jr. University, 1901).
Agriculture.—California Agricultural Experiment Station, Bulletins from 1884; Reports of the State Dairy Bureau, from 1898; State Board of Horticulture, Reports, 1889-1894; United States Censuses, 1890 and 1900, reports on irrigation.
Industries.—J.S. Hittell, Resources of California (7th ed., San Francisco, 1879); J.S. Hittell, Commerce and Industries of the Pacific Coast (San Francisco, 1882); T.F. Cronise, Natural Wealth of California (San Francisco, 1868); E.W. Maslin, Resources of California, prepared by order of Governor H.H. Markham (Sacramento, 1893); United States Treasury, Bureau of Statistics, report by T.J. Vivian on “Commercial, Industrial, Agricultural, Transportation and Other Industries of California” (Washington 1890, valuable for whole period before 1890); United States Censuses, 1890 and 1900, reports on agriculture, manufactures, mines and fisheries; California State Board of Trade (San Francisco), Annual Report from 1890. On Mineral Industries:—J.R. Browne, Report on “Mineral Resources of the States and Territories west of the Rocky Mountains” (United States Treasury, 2 vols., Washington, 1867-1868); United States Geological Survey, Annual Reports, Mineral Resources; consult also the bibliographies of publications of the Survey, issued as Bulletins; California State Mining Bureau, Bulletins from 1888, note especially No. 30, 1904, by A.W. Vodges, “Bibliography relating to the Geology, Palaeontology and Mineral Resources of California” (2nd ed., the 1st being Bulletin No. 10, 1896); California Débris Commission, Reports (in Annual Reports Chief of Engineers, United States Army, from 1893).
Government.—E.F. Treadwell, The Constitution of the State of California ... Annotated (San Francisco, 1902); Johns Hopkins University, Studies in History and Political Science, xiii., R.D. Hunt, “Genesis of California’s First Constitution”; Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, xii., R.D. Hunt, “Legal Status of California, 1846-1849”; Reports of the various officers, departments and administrative boards of the state government (Sacramento), and also the Appendix to the Journals of the Senate and Assembly, which contains, especially in the earlier decades of the state’s history, many of these state official reports along with valuable legislative reports of varied character.