[11] There were 50 m. of them in 1904.
[12] Thomas Hughes was a leader in gathering English gifts for such a library immediately after the "great fire." A nucleus of 10,500 volumes—7000 from England and 3500 from other countries, especially Germany—was thus secured.
[13] In 1900-1904 the average freight rate per bushel of wheat to New York was $0.04998 by the all-water; $0.10554 by the all-rail route. In 1859 it cost $0.1575 to send a bushel of corn to Buffalo by water; in 1890, $0.019.
[14] It has been above 1,000,000,000 ft. since 1870, and has in some years risen to 2,000,000,000.
[15] This is for the entire Chicago customs district, including Waukegan and Michigan City.
[16] The number of hogs packed yearly averaged 7,255,245 in 1900-1904; the cattle packed, 1,955,765; the sheep shipped (partly live), 616,476 (one-fifth those received).
[17] e.g. in the most skilled labour, the speed was increased 87.5% from 1884-1894. In 1905 a gang of 230 men would dispose of 105 animals hourly; equivalent to 131 minutes for one man in taking the animal from pen to refrigerator; the average wage was $0.21 per hour (highest 0.50) and the average cost per bullock, $0.46.
[18] Cook county is Republican in politics generally, the rural districts being so strongly so as often to overbalance the normal Democratic plurality in Chicago. Thus another ground of jealousy is found In the distribution of county offices.
[19] An amendment of 1904 provided that the legislature should enact the consolidation of the townships with the city in matters of taxation, but no further steps had been taken to the end of 1907.
[20] The net revenue per million gallons in 1890-1899 was $35.04.