(C. C. H.)
[1] Experimental Researches in Electricity, series ii. § 6, pars. 256, 259-260, and series xxviii. § 34.
[2] Ibid. series i. § 4, pars. 84-90.
[3] “On the Physical Lines of Magnetic Force,” Phil. Mag., June 1852.
[4] Faraday, Exp. Res. series xxviii. § 34, pars. 3104, 3114-3115.
[5] Id., ib. series i. § 4, pars. 114-119.
[6] Id., ib. series ii. § 6, pars. 211, 213; series xxviii. § 34, par. 3152.
[7] Invented by Nikola Tesla (Elec. Eng. vol. xiii. p. 83. Cf. Brit. Pat. Spec. Nos. 2801 and 2812, 1894). Several early inventors, e.g. Salvatore dal Negro in 1832 (Phil. Mag. third series, vol. i. p. 45), adopted reciprocating or oscillatory motion, and this was again tried by Edison in 1878.
[8] The advantage to be obtained by making the poles closely embrace the armature core was first realized by Dr Werner von Siemens in his “shuttle-wound” armature (Brit. Pat. No. 2107, 1856).