For the motion of the pendulum, including the fly-wheel,

MK2θ = gMH sin θ − M′ = gMH sin θ − Aθ − Kφ cos φ.

(27)

If θ and φ remain small,

Aφ = Kθ, Aφ = K(θ − α),

(28)

(MK2 + A) θ + (K2/A) (θ − α) − gMHθ = 0;

(29)

so that the upright position will be stable if K2 > gMHA, or the rotation energy of the wheel greater than ½A/C times the energy acquired by the pendulum in falling between the vertical and horizontal position; and the vibration will synchronize with a simple pendulum of length

(MK2 + A) / [(K2/gA) − MH].