In the spherical top then,

½ (φ + ψ)= ∫ G′ + G dt,   ½ (φ − ψ)= ∫ G′ − G dt
1 + z 2A1 − z 2A

(5)

depending on the two elliptic integrals of the third kind, with pole at z = ±1; and measuring θ from the downward vertical, their elliptic parameters are:—

v1 = ∫ ∞1 √ (z3 − z1) dz= f1K′i,
√ (4Z)

(6)

v2 = ∫ −1−∞ √ (z3 − z1) dzK + (1 − f2) K′i,
√ (4Z)

(7)

f1K′ = ∫ ∞1 √ (z3 − z1) dz
√ ( −4Z)
= sn−1 √ z3 − z1= cn−1 √ 1 − z3= dn−1 √ 1 − z2,
1 − z1 1 − z11 − z1