X = dx1− x2 dT+ x3 dT, Y = ..., Z = ...,
dt dy3dy2

(3)

L = dy1− y2 dT+ y3 dT− x2 dT+ x3 dT, M = ..., N = ...,
dt dy3dy2 dx3dx2

(4)

where X, Y, Z, L, M, N denote components of external applied force on the body.

These equations are proved by taking a line fixed in space, whose direction cosines are l, m, n, then

dl= mR − nQ,   dm= nP − lR,   dn= lQ − mP.
dt dtdt

(5)

If P denotes the resultant linear impulse or momentum in this direction

P = lx1 + mx2 + nx3,