so that in steady motion

dH+ ∇2ψ = 0, dH+ ∇2ψ = 0, dH+ ∇2ψ = 0,
dx dxdy dy

(4)

and ∇2ψ must be a function of ψ.

If the motion ia irrotational,

u = − = − , v = − = ,
dx dydy dx

(5)

so that ψ and φ are conjugate functions of x and y,

φ + ψi = ƒ(x + yi), ∇2ψ = 0, ∇2φ = 0;

(6)