and with y = b tan θ, r = b sec θ, this is

2ρmU dθ (1 − a2b−2 cos 3θ cos θ),

(9)

and integrating between the limits θ = ±½π, the resultant, as before, is 2πρmU.

31. Example 2.—Confocal Elliptic Cylinders.—Employ the elliptic coordinates η, ξ, and ζ = η + ξi, such that

z = c ch ζ, x = c ch η cos ξ, y = c sh η sin ζ;

(1)

then the curves for which η and ξ are constant are confocal ellipses and hyperbolas, and

J = d(x, y)= c2 (ch2 η − cos2 ξ)
d(η, ξ)

= (1/2)c2 (ch 2η − cos 2ξ) = r1r2 = OD2,