Integrating over the base, to obtain one-third of the kinetic energy T,

1⁄3T = ½ρ ∫ h / √3¼R2 (3x4 − 1⁄27 h4) dx/h = ρR2 h4 / 135 √3
−h / √3

(11)

so that the effective k2 of the liquid filling the triangle is given by

k2 = T / ½ρR2A = 2h2 / 45 = 2⁄5 (radius of the inscribed circle)2,

(12)

or two-fifths of the k2 for the solid triangle.

Again, since

dφ/dν = dψ/ds,   dφ/ds = −dψ/dν,

(13)