x = a log (sec ψ + tan ψ),   y = a sec ψ.

(8)

Eliminating ψ we obtain the Cartesian equation

y = a cosh x
a

(9)

of the common catenary, as it is called (fig. 56). The omission of the additive arbitrary constants of integration in (8) is equivalent to a special choice of the origin O of co-ordinates; viz. O is at a distance a vertically below the lowest point (ψ = 0) of the curve. The horizontal line through O is called the directrix. The relations

s = a sinh x,   y2 = a2 + s2,   T = T0 sec ψ = wy,
a

(10)

Fig. 56.