Therefore, the moon may cross the ecliptic at such a distance from the sun, that when it passes between the sun and the earth, it will appear to pass above or below the disc of the sun; also, in the opposite part of its orbit, it may cross at so great distance from the earth's umbra, that it will pass above or below the umbra, as represented in the following diagram.
In June, the moon is seen below the sun, passing upward to the ascending node, and beyond the limits within which eclipses can occur.
While the moon is completing another revolution around the earth, the sun continues to move eastward, and when it again comes to A the sun is near B. The moon, moving much faster than the sun, passes upward in its orbit, and is in conjunction with the sun at B, within the limits of eclipses.
At this time the moon's umbra will fall upon the earth, and cause an eclipse, which will be total at all places over which the umbra will move; and partial at those places over which the penumbra will move.
In this, as in all solar eclipses, only a part of the earth is covered by the shadows.
Limits within which Eclipses of the Sun can occur.
In August, at new moon, the sun has passed eastward to C, and the moon is seen above the sun, beyond the limit of eclipses.
The following engraving is a projection of the shadows of the moon upon the earth, exhibiting that portion where a total eclipse will be visible; and those portions where a partial eclipse will be visible.
