Osiander, 1537. | Büsching, 1756.
Jansenius, 1549. | Macknight, 1756.
Chemnitz, 1593. | Bertlings, 1767.
Lightfoot, 1654. | Griesbach, 1776.
Cradock, 1668. | Priestley (Greek), 1777.
Richardson, 1654.| Priestley (Eng.), 1780.
Sandhagen, 1684. | Newcome (Greek), 1778.
Le Clerc, 1699. | Newcome (Eng.), 1802.
Whiston, 1702. | White, 1799.
Toinard, 1707. | De Wette, 1818.
Rein Rus, 1727. | Thompson, R. 1808.
Bengelius, 1736. | Chambers, 1813.
Hauber, 1737. | Thompson, C., 1815.
Doddridge, 1739. | Warner, 1819.
Pilkington, 1747.| Carpenter, 1835.
Michaelis, 1750. |

J. M.

Cranwell, near Bath.

Tatian wrote his Ευανγελιον δια τεσσων as early as the year 170. It is no longer extant, but we have some reason for believing that this Harmony had been compiled in an unfriendly spirit (Theodoret, Hæret. Fabul., lib. i. c. 20.). Tatian was followed by Ammonius, whose Ηαρμοια appeared about 230; and in the next century by Eusebius and St. Ambrose, the former entitling his production Περι τησ των Ευανγελιων διαπωιασ, the latter Concordia Evangelii Mattæi et Lucæ. But by far the ablest of the ancient writings on this subject is the De Consensu Evangelistarum of St. Augustine. Many authors, such as Porphyry, in his Κατα Χριστιανον λογοι, had pointed with an air of triumph to the seeming discrepancies in the Evangelic records as an argument subversive of their claim to paramount authority ("Hoc enim solent quasi palmare suæ vanitatis objicere, quod ipsi Evangelistæ inter seipsos dissentiant."—Lib. i. c. 7.). In writing these objections St. Augustine had to handle nearly all the difficulties which offend the microscopic critics of the present day. His work was urged afresh upon the notice of the biblical scholar by Gerson, chancellor of the University of Paris, who died in 1429. The Monotessaron, seu unum ex quatuor Evangeliis of that gifted writer will be found in Du Pin's edition of his Works, iv. 83. sq. Some additional information respecting Harmonies is supplied in Ebrard's Wissenschaftliche Kritik der evangelischen Geschichte, pp. 36. sq. Francfurt a. M., 1842.

C. Hardwick.

St. Catharine's Hall, Cambridge.

Seiler says (Bibl. Herm., part ii. c. 4. s. 4.) that "The greater part of the works on the harmony of the gospels are quite useless for our times, as their authors mostly proceed on incorrect principles." He refers only to the chief of them, namely:

Osiander, 1537. |Macknight,1756.
Jansen, 1549-72. | Bengel, 1766.
Chemnitz, 1593. | Büsching, 1766.
Lightfoot, 1644. | Bertlings, 1767.
Van Til, 1687. | Priestley, 1777.
Lamy, 1689. | Schutte, 1779.
Le Roux, 1699. | Stephan, 1779.
Le Clerc, 1700. | Michaelis in his New Test.
May, 1707. | Rullmann, 1790.
Von Canstein, 1718-27. | Griesbach, 1776-97.
Rus, 1727-30. | White, 1799.
Hauber. |De Wette, 1818.

For other Harmonies, see Mr. Horne's Bibliog. Index, p. 128. Heringa considers that the following writers "have brought the four Evangelists into an harmonious arrangement, namely:

Hesz, 1784. | Stronck, 1800.
Bergen 1804.| Townsend,1834.