M. D.
[This motto is from Homer, Iliad, xviii. 125. Its literal translation is, They (the enemy) shall know that it was I who have long kept away from the war," and, by implication, that I have now returned to it; even I, the great hero Achilles; for he is the taunting speaker. Had it not been for my absence, he intimates, the Trojans had not gained so many and great victories. We must leave our correspondent to apply this Homeric verse to the Protestant dark ages of the Georgian era, and to the theological movement of 1833.]
John Bale, Bishop of Ossory (Vol. ix., p. 324.).—A catalogue, professing to be a complete one, of this over-ardent reformer's voluminous works, with a portrait, may be seen in Holland's Heroölogia Anglica, fol. 165-7. There are some curious notices concerning him in Blomefield's History of Norwich (fol. 1741), pp. 154, 155, 794., where reference is also made to his brother Robert as a learned man and great writer.
William Matthews.
Cowgill.
Burial in an erect Posture (Vol. viii., pp. 5. 59. 233. 455. 630.; Vol. ix., p. 279.).—How strange it is that all of us should have forgotten Charlemagne. When his tomb at Aix-la-Chapelle was opened by the Emperor Frederic Barbarossa in 1165, "he found the body of Charlemagne, not reclining in his coffin, as is the usual fashion of the dead, but seated in his throne, as one alive, clothed in the imperial robes, bearing the sceptre in his hand, and on his knees a copy of the gospels." (See Murray's
Handbook to Belgium.) The throne in which the body was seated, the sarcophagus (of Parian marble, the work of Roman or Greek artists, ornamented with a fine bas-relief of the Rape of Proserpine) in which the feet of the dead king were placed, are still preserved in the cathedral, where I saw them last year, together with some portions of the robes, and some curious ancient embroidery: these last are not usually exhibited to strangers.
W. Sparrow Simpson.
"Carronade" (Vol. ix., p. 246.).—"The folk story," as to the derivation of this word (if such a comparatively modern invention deserves such an epithet, for the Carron works, I believe, did not exist a hundred years ago) is quite correct. This gun is said to have been invented in Ireland by General Melville; but having been perfected at Carron, it thence took its name.
Landmann (no mean authority at the beginning of this century), in his Questions and Answers on Artillery, says: "The carronade takes its name from being first made at Carron."