I think that we may fairly imply that the labials p, b, f, v, may be interchanged, in the same way as the dental letters d and t are constantly; and I see no reason left to doubt that the word Bacon is the same as the word Fagan.
Φιλόλογος.
To learn by Heart (Vol. iii., p. 425.).
—When A SUBSCRIBER TO YOUR JOURNAL asks for some account of the origin of the phrase "to learn by Heart," may he not find it in St. Luke i. 66, ii. 19. 51.?
"To learn by memory" (or by "rote") conveys to my own mind a very different notion from what I conceive to be expressed by the words "To learn by heart." Just as there is an evident difference between a gentleman in heart and feeling, and a gentleman in manners and education only; so there is a like difference (as I conceive) between learning by heart and learning by rote; namely, the difference between a moral, and a merely intellectual, operation of the mind. To learn by memory is to learn by rote, as a parrot: to learn by heart is to learn morally—practically. Thus, we say, we give our hearts to our pursuits: we "love God with all our hearts," pray to Him "with the spirit, and with the understanding," and "with the heart believe unto righteousness:" we "ponder in our hearts," "muse in our hearts," and "keep things in our hearts," i. e. "learn by heart."
J. E.
Auriga (Vol. iii., p. 188.).
—Claudius Minois, in his Commentaries on the Emblemata of Alciatus, gives the following etymology of "Auriga:"—
"Auriga non dicitur ab auro, sed ab aureis: sunt enim aureæ lora sive fræni, qui equis ad aures alligantur; sicut oreæ, quibus ora coercentur."—Alciati Emblemata, Emb. iv. p. 262.
W. R.