P. Lambertiana.*—The equally well known, larger and handsome “sugar pine,” or “long-cone pine” of Frémont. Usually grows at great altitudes; exceedingly valuable for timber, and affords the principal supplies.
P. Coulteri.†—Found in the lower eastern slope of the Coast Range. Not very large; sometimes attains a height of 75 feet; knotty, but ornamental. It is remarkable for having the largest cone of all the pines, and specimens of its cone, when first known, brought five guineas in England.
P. Sabiniana.†—This is the nut pine of the foothills, sometimes called the “scrub pine,” or “silver pine.” The Digger Indians gather the nuts from its cone as a favorite article of food. It is found on the foothills of both Coast Ranges and Sierra Nevada.
Mr. Bolander mentioned several species in the group of coast pines which he had not seen, viz: P. Llaveana, east of San Diego; P. deflexa, on the summit of the California Mountains; P. Torreyana,* near San Diego.
P. monticola.‡—A tall tree and affording fine timber; said to be hardier than the sugar pine, and might be preferred if its position near the summit did not make it difficult of access.
P. flexilis.‡—This grows on windy heights in the form of a low shrub, so stout and thick that a man can stand on its top. In low altitudes it reaches a height of a hundred feet. It is useful only for firewood.
P. monophylla.—This is a stunted, twisted tree, which grows on the eastern slope of the Sierra, where it corresponds to the nut-pine on the western slope. At a distance it resembles in shape the live oak. Its cone is ill shapen and has an offensive odor, but yields a sweet nut.
P. Balfouriana.—This species is found near Scott’s Valley, in Northern California.
Five species in the above list—insignis, muricata, Llaveana, deflexa and Torreyana—are peculiar to the sea coast. Five species—the contorta, ponderosa, Lambertiana, Sabiniana, tuberculata—are found both in the Coast Ranges and Sierra Nevada. The Coulteri is found only in the Coast Range, eastern slope; the monticola only high in the Sierra; the flexilis only on the upper Sierra and western slope of the same; and the monophylla only on the eastern slope.