SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN SUPPLEMENT NO. 1157

NEW YORK, March 5, 1898.

Scientific American Supplement. Vol. XLV., No. 1157.

Scientific American established 1845

Scientific American Supplement, $5 a year.

Scientific American and Supplement, $7 a year.


TABLE OF CONTENTS.
PAGE.
I.[ARCHÆOLOGY.—Requirements of Palestine Explorer]18489
II.[BIOGRAPHY.—Emperor William II. of Germany.—Aninteresting biographical account of the GermanEmperor, with his latest portrait.—1 illustration]18486
III.[CIVIL ENGINEERING.—Heat in Great Tunnels]18492
IV.[ECONOMICS.—Causes of Poverty]18490
V.[ELECTRICITY.—Liquid Rheostats.—By H. S. WEBB]18498
V.[The Neutral Use of Cables]18489
VI.[ETHNOLOGY.—The Influence of Scenery upon theCharacter of Man]18488
VII.[FORESTRY.—Apparatus for Obtaining the Cubature ofTrees.—3 illustrations]18493
VIII.[GYMNASTICS.—A Novel Way of Riding a Bicycle.--1 illustration]18489
IX.[HYDROGRAPHY.—Influence of Ocean Currents on Climate]18490
X.[LANDSCAPE GARDENING.—Park Making]18490
XI.[MARINE ENGINEERING.—The Newfoundland and Nova ScotiaPassenger Steamer "Bruce."—1 illustration]18492
XII.[MECHANICAL ENGINEERING.—Machine Moulding withoutStripping Plates.—By E. H. MUMFORD.—A fulldescription of an ingenious moulding machine.—7illustrations]18494
XIII.[MEDICINE.—The Progress of Medical Education in theUnited States]18499
[Deaths under Anæsthetics]18499
XIV.MISCELLANEOUS:
[Engineering Notes]18491
[Miscellaneous Notes]18491
[Selected Formulæ]18491
XV.[NATURAL HISTORY.—Tapirs in the Zoological Garden atBreslau.—1 illustration]18488
XVI.[STEAM ENGINEERING.—An English Steam Fire Engine.--1 illustration]18493
XVII.[TRAVEL AND EXPLORATION.—My Recent Journey from theNile to Suakim.—By FREDERIC VILLIERS.—The advanceto Khartoum.—An important account of the recenttravels of the celebrated war correspondent]18486
XVIII.[TECHNOLOGY.—Artificial India Rubber.—This articledescribes some important experiments which have beenmade in which India rubber substitutes have beenproduced from oil of turpentine]18495
[Deep and Frosted Etching on Glass]18496
[The Koppel Electric Locomotives.—This articledescribes a system of electric trolley traction fornarrow gage railroads.—7 illustrations]18497
[Slate and its Applications.—This article detailssome of the various uses to which slate is put in thearts, with a view of slate store vats for breweries]18496
[Birthplace of the Oilcloth Industry]18496