SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN SUPPLEMENT NO. 365

NEW YORK, DECEMBER 30, 1882.

Scientific American Supplement. Vol. XIV., No. 365.

Scientific American established 1845

Scientific American Supplement, $5 a year.

Scientific American and Supplement, $7 a year.


TABLE OF CONTENTS.
PAGE.
I.[ENGINEERING AND MECHANICS.—Louis Favre, Constructorof the St. Gothard Tunnel.—2 figures.—Portrait andmonument at Turin to commemorate the tunneling of theAlps]5817
[The New Harbor of Vera Cruz.—New artificial harborfor Vera Cruz.—Capt. Eads's plan.—1 figure.—Planof harbor and improvement]5818
[Cost of Power to Make Flour]5818
[Driving gear Mechanism for Lift Hammers.—2 figures]5819
[De Junker and Ruh's Machine for Cutting AnnularWheels.—3 figures]5819
[Recent Hydraulic Experiments.—Results of experimentson the flow of water in the Ganges Canal]5819
[The Germ: Shall It be Retained in Flour? By ArthurAtkins]5820
[Wheat Tests]5820
II.[TECHNOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY.—Apparatus for ManufacturingGaseous or Aerated Beverages.—11 figures.—Bicarbonateof soda apparatus. Generator. Washer.—Suctionpump.—Saturator.—Apparatus for using carbonate oflime.—Apparatus completely mechanical in operation]5815
[Detection and Estimation of Fusel Oil]5816
[On Silicon.—Curious formation of silicide of platinum]5816
[Stannous Nitrates.—The formation of explosivecompounds in machines by the corrosion of bronze andtin solder]5816
[Metallic Thorium. By L.F. Nilson]5816
[Friedrich Wöhler.—Obituary notice of the great Germanchemist]5816
[Apparatus for Printing by the Blue Process. ByChanning Whitaker.—3 figures]5820
III.[ELECTRICITY, LIGHT, HEAT, ETC.—Spectrum Gratings]5822
[A New Pocket Opera Glass.—4 figures]5822
[Atoms, Molecules, and Ether Waves. By John Tyndall.Action of heat and light on molecules.—Heat as anagent in exploring molecular conditions.—The resultsof a recent incursion into the extra-sensible worldof atoms and molecules]5823
[Apparatus for Measuring Electricity at the UpperSchool of Telegraphy. By E. Mercadier.—5 figures.Constant vibrator.—The Electrical tuning fork.Arrangement for testing electric piles.—Very rapidelectric tuning fork.—A vibrating micrometer]5824
IV.[NATURAL HISTORY.—Our Origin as a Species. By RichardOwen.—The Neanderthal skull.—Differential charactersbetween the lowest _Homo_ and the highest _Simia_]5825
[The Aba or Odika. By Dr. W.H. Bacheler.—A remarkabletree of West Africa]5826
[California Cedars]5826
[Ancient Greek Painting. (Transcriber's Note: Added to Table of Contents.)]5822