THE GENERATION OF STEAM. Fig 6.

(To be continued.)

[1]

Lecture delivered at the Institution of Civil Engineers, session 1883-84. For the illustrations we are indebted to the courtesy of Mr. J. Forrest, the secretary.

[2]

In the fifty-second volume of the Proceedings (1887-78), page 154, will be found a remarkable experiment on the evaporative power of a vertical boiler with internal circulating pipes. The experiment was conducted by Sir Frederick Bramwell and Dr. Russell, and is remarkable in this respect, that the quantity of air admitted to the fuel, the loss by convection and radiation, and the composition of the smoke were determined. The facts observed were as follows:

Steam pressure 53 lb= 300.6° F.
lb.
Fuel—Water in coke and wood26.08
Ash10.53
Hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulphur7.18
———
Total non-combustible43.79
Carbon, being useful combustible194.46
———
Total fuel238.25
Air per pound of carbon17-1/8 lb.
Time of experiment4 h. 12 min.
Water evaporated from 60° into steam at 53 lb. pressure1,620 lb.
Heat lost by radiation and convection70,430 units.
Mean temperature of chimney700° F.
Mean temperature of air70° F.

No combustible gas was found in the chimney.