SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN SUPPLEMENT NO. 484

NEW YORK, APRIL 11, 1885

Scientific American Supplement. Vol. XIX, No. 484.

Scientific American established 1845

Scientific American Supplement, $5 a year.

Scientific American and Supplement, $7 a year.


TABLE OF CONTENTS.
I.[ENGINEERING AND MECHANICS.—Bridge over theBlaauw Krantz Ravine, Cape Colony.—2 engravings.]
[Torpedo Ships.]
[The Gas Engine.—By DUGALDCLERK.—Combustion engines.—First cylinder and pistonengine.—Watt's experiments.—First gasengine.—Principles of the gas engine.]
[Rapid Construction of the Canadian PacificRailway.—By E.T. ABBOTT.]
[The Osgood Mammoth Excavator.—3figures.]
[Capstan Navigation on the Volga.—4figures.]
[Steamboat Equipment of War Vessels.—Withengraving of winch for raising and lowering torpedo boats.]
[Improved Steam Trap.—1 engraving.]
II.[TECHNOLOGY.—Critical Methods of DetectingErrors in Plane Surfaces.—By JOHN A. BRASHEAR.—11figures.]
[Photometric Standards.—9 figures.]
[Bleaching or Dyeing Yarns and Goods inVacuo.—1 figure.]
[On the Moulding of Porcelain.—By CHAS.LAUTH.—Moulding by pressure of the air.—Moulding byvacuum.—Drying the moulded pieces.—2 figures.]
[Photo-Tricycle Apparatus.—1figure.]
[A Photo Printing Light.—1 figure.]
[A New Actinometer.]
[Astronomical Photography.]
[Electricity as a Preventive of Scale inBoilers.]
III.[DECORATIVE ART.—Alphabet designed byGodfrey Sykes.—An engraving.]
[Old Wrought Iron Gate.—Anengraving.]
IV.[GEOLOGY.—The Organization and Plan of theUnited States Geological Survey.—By J.W. POWELL.—Atopographic map of the UnitedStates.—Paleontology.—Chemistry.—Physicalresearches.—Statistics.—Library.—Publications.—Generalgeology.—Economic geology.—Relation of the generalsurvey to the State survey.]
V.[BOTANY, ETC.—The Sunflowers.—Annuals,perennials, etc.—11 engravings.]
[Lye's Fuchsias.—1 engraving.]
VI.[HYGIENE, ETC.—Brief Sanitary Matters inConnection with Isolated Country Houses.—By E.W.BOWDITCH.]
[Sanitary Cooking.—By V.L.OPPENHEIMER.]
[Time required to digest Different Foods.]