TABLE OF CONTENTS OF
SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN SUPPLEMENT
No. 582.
For the Week Ending February 26, 1887.
Price 10 cents. For sale by all newsdealers.
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| I. | AERONAUTICS.—War Balloons.—The establishment of ballooncorps in the armies of different countries; the French, English,Italian, and Russian establishments.—1 illustration | 9288 |
| II. | ASTRONOMY.—Astronomical Telescopes; their object glassesand reflectors.—By G.D. Hiscox.—The dialyte telescope; practicaldetails of the mechanical operations of construction, such aslens grinding and shaping; washing flour of emery, tests for correction.—23illustrations | 9296 |
| Fleurials' Gyroscope Collimator.—An ingenious application ofthe gyroscope to fixing the horizon line in sextant observations;an instrument crowned by the French Academy.—2 illustrations | 9291 | |
| III. | BIOLOGY.—An Epidemic of Micrococcus prodigiosus.—By M.Grimbert.—Interesting case of bacterial poisoning, with details ofthe detection of the bacteria | 9301 |
| The Morphological Conditions of Heredity.—An exposition ofProfessor A. Weissman's theory of the "perpetuity of germplasma;" a theory opposed to the doctrine of evolution | 9295 | |
| The Third Eye of Reptiles.—The last conclusions on the pinealgland in reptiles; curious development in anatomy, the possibleorgan of a sixth sense.—1 illustration | 9300 | |
| IV. | CHEMISTRY.—Nitrogenous Principles of Vegetable Mould.—Noteof the conclusions of MM. Berthelot and Andre | 9302 |
| The Lactocrite.—A new method of ascertaining the amount offat in milk.—By H. Faber.—An apparatus for analyzing milk employingcentrifugal force.—Results obtained.—1 illustration | 9292 | |
| V. | ELECTRICITY.—Electric Welding.—The new art in metallurgydescribed by Prof. Elihu Thomson; full details of the process,apparatus, and current required.—2 illustrations | 9293 |
| The Electric Waltzers.—An ingenious electric toy.—1 illustration | 9293 | |
| VI. | ENGINEERING.—Sustaining Walls. Arched sustaining wallsand arched buttresses; elaborate study of French practice.—11 illustrations | 9288 |
| VII. | METEOROLOGY.—Popular Errors in Meteorology. Popularfallacies; the habits of animals, the Rocky Mountain locust; theequinoctial storm | 9299 |
| VIII. | MISCELLANEOUS.—Beethoven's Portrait. An authenticportrait of the great musician.—1 illustration | 9301 |
| Dwarfs and Giants.—Relative sizes of men; the Austrian giant,Francis Winckelmeler, 8½ feet high.—1 illustration | 9302 | |
| The Sinaloa Colony.—The Topolobampo settlement; its origin,progress, principles and prospects | 9301 | |
| IX. | NAVAL ENGINEERING.—Torpedo Boat Catchers. A review ofrecent constructions of fast light armored vessels for combatingtorpedo boats | 9290 |
| X. | ORDNANCE.—The Use of Machine Guns in the Field in Combinationwith Infantry.—Abstract of a recent paper on this subject byMajor A. D. Anderson, R.H.A.—The advantages and uses of theweapon discussed.—Advocacy of their introduction | 9288 |
| XI. | PHOTOGRAPHY.—Orthochromatic Photography. By J. B. B.Wellington.—Formulæ and practical directions for orthochromaticwork.—The use of silver carbonate and erythrosin together | 9293 |
| XII. | PHYSICS.—A New Gas Thermo-Regulator.—A simple and efficientapparatus for regulating heat in air baths, etc.—1 illustration | 9292 |
| A New Thermometer.—The principle of the Bourdon safetygauge applied to thermometry.—Fermis' new thermometer.—1 illustration | 9291 | |
| Phosphorescence of Alumina.—By Edmond Becquerel.—Theeffects of impurities on phosphorescence discussed | 9294 | |
| Separation of Nickel by the Magnet.—By Thomas T. P. Bruce-Warren.—Theeffect of copper on nickel in modifying its susceptibilityto magnetic attraction.—Practical deductions as to nickelcrucibles and gauze | 9294 | |
| The Capillarity and Density of Liquids.—A simple experiment inphysics without apparatus.—1 illustration | 9294 | |
| XIII. | SANITATION AND HYGIENE.—A Floating Hospital.—A newstructure recently erected at Newcastle-on-Tyne.—2 illustrations | 9295 |
| XIV. | TECHNOLOGY.—Employment of Acetic or Formic Acid inBleaching.—Ingenious use of a small quantity of organic acids todecompose indefinite amounts of bleaching powder.—The inventionof Dr. Lunge, of Zurich | 9290 |
| Sulphurous Acid in the Chemical Industries.—Its use in the phosphateand tartaric acid industries | 9294 | |
| Tea Withering Apparatus.—A portable blowing apparatus fordrying tea.—Use of chloride of calcium to absorb moisture therein.—1illustration | 9291 | |
NEW AMENDMENT OF THE DESIGN PATENT LAW.
An amendment of the patent law relating to design patents has lately passed both houses of Congress and received the approval of the President. The object of the amendment is to correct a defect in the law, which prevented the patentee from collecting damages in cases of infringement.
Under the old law, the Supreme Court held that in the case, for example, of a carpet manufacturer who complained of an infringement of his design or pattern of carpet, the complainant must clearly prove what portion of the damage, or what portion of the profit made by the infringer, was due to the use of the patented design. It was practically impossible to make this showing. Hence the infringer could imitate the patented design without liability, and the law was a nullity.
Under the provisions of the new law, the infringer is obliged to pay the sum of $250 in any event; and if his profits are more than that sum, he is compelled, in addition, to pay all excess of profits above $250 to the patentee. It is believed that the penalty of $250, irrespective of profits, will put a stop to the wholesale system of infringement heretofore carried on by unscrupulous persons.
The following is the text of the new law:
An act to amend the law relating to patents, trade marks, and copyright.