105. Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus. Yellow-headed Blackbird.—Not seen by us owing probably to the absence of extensive marshes in the localities visited. Geo. Sternberg reports having seen one at Camp 11 before our arrival. Mr. Farley lists it at Red Deer and Camrose.
106.★ Agelaius phœniceus. Red-winged Blackbird.—Not very common but occurring in most of the suitable localities visited by us. More common on the prairie level where sloughs are more numerous than in the valley. Specimens from Camp 1 and 4. After comparing these and other prairie specimens with eastern birds I can only say that there is a larger percentage of oversized birds amongst them than in the East. I can see no constant difference in the bills and hence am not justified in referring them to anything but phœniceus. Horsbrough refers his, probably on geographical considerations to P. a. fortis.
107.★ Sturnella neglecta. Western Meadow Lark.—We did not find this bird very common in the river valley and not overly numerous upon the prairie levels when they were visited. Later in the season, Young reports that they were common at Camp 11 in early morning when they came down from the Prairie level to drink at the river. Specimens from Camp 1 and 11, also two Morrin birds, August and July, Geo. Sternberg.
108. Icterus galbula. Baltimore Oriole.—Horsbrough records the nesting of the Baltimore Oriole at Red Deer and Farley pronounces it common. Neither seem to be acquainted with Bullock’s. In our collections are specimens of galbula from Edmonton and bullocki from Medicine Hat where, however, Spreadborough also noted the former. Possibly the division between the two occurs somewhere between the two cities and the Baltimore is the form at Red Deer.
109.★ Icterus bullocki. Bullock’s Oriole.—Only two orioles seen and those two of this species. Taken at Camp 11, Little Sandhill Creek, August 29.
110.★ Euphagus carolinus. Rusty Blackbird.—One specimen, Alix, Alberta, April 22, 1914, by Horsbrough who infers in his annotations that it is only a migrant at Red Deer though Farley reports it as with Brewer’s,—“a very common spring and fall migrant and quite plentiful breeding along the streams in the willows.” I was hardly prepared to regard this as a breeder in this locality.
111.★ Euphagus cyanocephalus. Brewer’s Blackbird.—Generally distributed throughout the river valley but nowhere exceedingly common. Young noted a large migrant flock at Camp 11, Little Sandhill Creek, the middle of September. Specimens, Camp 1 and 11. Farley reports it breeding along the streams in the willows.
112.★ Quiscalus quiscula. Crow Blackbird.—Only a few seen at Camp 1, about Brock’s Lake where they were nesting in Flicker holes. One specimen, Camp 1, another Buffalo Lake, August, 1915.—Horsbrough. Regarded as common by all correspondents.
113. Hesperiphona vespertina. Evening Grosbeak.—Farley says,—“The Evening Grosbeak is not regular in winter. It comes for about a month about every other winter, always feeding on the seeds of the Manitoba Maple.” Red Deer Specimens, May 6, in Fleming’s collection.
114. Pinicola enucleator. Pine Grosbeak.—Farley says,—“Pine Grosbeaks are fairly common all winter especially along the rivers in the spruce,—never saw them after May 1.” Horsbrough lists them under P. e. leucura on J. H. Fleming’s determination based upon a bird with an imperfect bill. I have examined this bird but the subspecific characters are so faintly indicated in our comparative series that I prefer to withhold judgment upon the determination.