THE MAUSOLEUM AT HALICARNASSUS
This famous monument of antiquity was erected in the year 354 B.C. to the memory of King Mausolus of Caria by his widow Artemisia, at Halicarnassus, the beautiful Greek city-colony on the shores of the Ægean Sea. Some idea of its size will be gathered from the fact that it was surrounded by an esplanade which measured over three hundred feet on each side, while its total height was nearly a hundred and fifty feet. The statue existed almost intact until the fourth century of our own era, and was finally destroyed in the Middle Ages by the Turks.
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THE COLOSSUS OF RHODES
This short-lived achievement of ancient art dated from about 300 B.C. It was the largest of a hundred statues to the sun-god raised in the island of Rhodes, any one of which, said Pliny, would have made famous the place where it stood. Dedicated to Apollo, who was thought to have delivered Rhodes from Demetrius Poliorcetes, it was made from the engines of war which that besieger left behind. One finger of it was larger than an ordinary statue. An earthquake in 224 B.C. destroyed it, but even in its broken and fallen state it was long the wonder of Rhodes.
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THE TEMPLE OF DIANA AT EPHESUS
“Great is Diana of the Ephesians.” Her temple was burned down in 356 B.C., and subsequent to that year the great temple famed in history was erected by the Ionians. It is said to have taken 220 years to construct, and measured about 400 feet in length and 200 feet in width, while it contained no fewer than 127 Ionic columns nearly 65 feet high. The temple was despoiled by Nero and destroyed by the Goths in 262 A.D., but some of its ruins still remain.