Charruas. An extinct race of South American Indians in South Brazil, peculiar for their extremely black colour with lank hair.
Chechenzes. A branch of the Eastern stock of the Caucasian family, inhabiting the northern slopes of the Eastern Caucasus. Their chief tribes are Ingushis, Kishis, and Tushis.
Cheremisses. See [FINNS].
Cherokees. A brave and warlike tribe of North American Indians. See [IROQUOIAN].
Cheyennes. See [ALGONQUIAN].
Chibchas. South American Indians of Bogota.
Chichimecs. See [NAHUANS].
Chickasaws. See [MUSKHOGEANS].
Chilians. White natives of Chili, of Spanish descent, with a mixture of Araucanian Indian blood.
Chinese. One of the most numerous races of the world, inhabiting the Chinese Empire. They are a stock of the Southern Mongolic family, and it is thought by some ethnologists that they are descended from the Mongolic [Akkads] (q.v.) of Mesopotamia. There is a remarkable uniformity in the physical type presented by the Chinese in all climates and environments; they are the most homogeneous of great peoples. They are yellow-skinned, short in stature, with obliquely set eyes, high cheek-bones, long skulls, and broad faces, with slight prognathism. They possess an ancient and highly organised civilisation, which is characterised by its conservatism and slowness to accept new ideas—so different in this from the Japanese. The Chinese are naturally frugal, industrious, and patient; they are excellent agriculturists, and very gregarious; they despise war, but make excellent soldiers when drilled by Europeans or Japanese. They are eminently literary, and have a high system of morality. There are many local varieties, such as the Puntis of the Canton districts, the Hakkas of Swatow, the Hoklas of Fohkien, the [Dungans] (q.v.), which need not be farther particularised.