Haidas. North American Indians in British Columbia.
Hamites. A family of Caucasic Man, belonging to the Melanochroid or dark type, ranging in colour from white to brown, and even black; hair soft, straight or wavy; skull, medium (mesocephalic); square-jawed (orthognathous); generally of fine physical development. Divided into Eastern Hamites—e.g., Somali, and Western Hamites—e.g., Berbers and Basques. Closely related to Semites.
Hau-Khoin. See [HEREROS].
Hausas. The most important Sudanese Negro race of Northern Nigeria. Keen traders, physically well developed, they make excellent soldiers, and are largely utilised for this purpose by their British rulers. The Hausa States were over-run by the Hamitic [Fulahs] (q.v.) about 1800–1810, and now form part of the Empire of Sokoto. The Hausa language is the common medium of commerce in the Central Sudan.
Hawaiians. Natives of Hawaii, of brown Polynesian stock, akin to Maoris. A remarkably fine and handsome race, steadily decreasing since contact with European civilisation and diseases. Peculiarly subject to leprosy.
Haytians. Natives of the negro republic of Hayti, descended from negro slaves imported by the earlier Spanish and French owners, who freed themselves at the time of the French Revolution. The Spanish portion afterwards formed the Dominican Republic in the eastern part of the island. Of mixed Bantu and Sudanese Negro descent, with a cross of white blood.
Hazaras. Mountaineers of N.W. Afghanistan, a vigorous and turbulent race of Mongolo-Persian descent, often troublesome to British India.
Hebrews. See [JEWS].
Hellenes. Inhabitants of ancient Greece, which they called Hellas. The Proto-Hellenes, or aborigines, were probably of Pelasgian origin, belonging to the Western Hamitic family, of whom the ancient [Cretans] and [Mycenæans] (q.v.) may represent the ancestral type. These were followed by the true Hellenes—Achæans or Argives—divided into three main branches—Dorians, Ionians, and Æolians. Later they were divided into many local states, such as Athens and Sparta. The modern Greeks are in part descended from the Hellenes, crossed with Albanian, Wallachian, and Turkish blood. It is to the Hellenes that we owe the first important developments of civilisation in Europe.
Helveti. Ancient inhabitants of Switzerland in Cæsar’s time, probably a German tribe, from whom the modern Swiss are in part descended.