The maternal mortality was as follows:

Induced premature labor2.2 per cent.
Version and extraction4–8 per cent.
Perforation2–8 per cent.
Cæsarean section8–6 per cent.

The fœtal mortality was in

Premature labor33.4 per cent.
Version and extraction41. per cent.
Cæsarean section13. per cent.

Leopold concludes that while Cæsarean section cannot yet be substituted in all cases for craniotomy, it is at least justifiable as an alternative when the following conditions are present or possible, viz.:

Complete asepsis.

The patient strong and not long in labor.

The fœtal heart-beats normal in rate and rhythm.

Strauch (Arch. f. Gyn.), analyzing the results in twenty-eight cases of induced premature labor arrives at like conclusions. While the mortality in cases of the mothers was nil, the fœtal mortality was fifty-five per cent. The rights of the fœtus demand a more frequent choice of Cæsarean section, the mortality of which by the modern method is thus far 11.8 per cent. for the mothers and 8 per cent. for the children.

Dr. Felice La Torre, of Paris, reaches the conclusion from extensive clinical research that craniotomy or premature labor is better than Cæsarean section, since the former saves all the mothers.