| England and Wales is | 6.5 |
| London only | 4.2 |
| Birmingham | 4.7 |
| Liverpool | 4.9 |
In spite of the "numerous and varied temptations" of the large towns, the rate is much less in them than in the country, which runs after this fashion:
| Nottingham | 8.9 |
| York, N. Riding | 8.9 |
| Salop | 9.8 |
| Westmoreland | 9.7 |
| Norfolk | 10.7 |
| Cumberland | 11.4 |
In France, it is just the other way. The rate is,
| In all France | 7.8 |
| In Paris | 27. |
| Urban districts | 12. |
| Rural districts | 4.2 |
| La Vendée | 2.2 |
| Brittany, Dep't. Cote D'Or | 1.2 |
Brittany and La Vendee remained Catholic through the storm of the French Revolution, and at this moment are thoroughly so. In Austria, the rate is: whole empire, only 9; urban districts, from 25 to 65; therefore, rural districts cannot be more than 5 or 6.
Prussia gives us, perhaps, the most conclusive test of the effects of religion on morals; for the census has been carefully taken according to creed, for many years, with uniform result thus. There are over 11,000,000 Protestants, and over 7,000,000 Catholics, principally in the Rhine provinces, Westphalia, and Posen. [Footnote 37] The rate
| Among Catholics | 6.48 | Among Protestants | 10.0 | |
| Westphalia | 3.7 | Prov. of Prussia | 6.7 | |
| Rhineland | 3.7 | Pomerania | 10.3 | |
| Posen | 6.8 | Brandenburg | 12.0 |
[Footnote 37: Historische Blätter, 9th Heft, 1867.]
Rev. T. W. Woolsey, of Yale College, New Haven, bears testimony to this relative state of morals in regard to the kindred subject of divorce, in an address before the Western Social Science Convention, at Chicago, as follows: "We have made some comparisons between the frequency of divorce in this country and in other parts of Protestantism. Prussia had the reputation of having the lowest system of divorce laws anywhere to be found. But the ratio there of annual divorces to annual marriages in 1855 was, among non-Catholics, one to twenty-nine, or about 3.5 per cent less than in Vermont or Ohio, and far less than in Connecticut, where it is 9.6 per cent. The greatest ratio nearly thirty years ago in the judicial districts of Prussia was 57 divorces to 100,000 inhabitants; the least, 16 to 100,000: nay more, in the Prussian Rhenish provinces, where the law is based on the Code Napoleon, and where the Catholic inhabitants, being numerous, must have some influence on the social habits of Protestants, there were but four fair divorces to 100,000 Protestants, or twenty-four in all among 600,000 of that class of inhabitants. I write this in pain, being a Protestant, if, as the Apostle Paul says, 'I may provoke to emulation them which are my flesh, and might save some of them.'"