[43]. Pie IX.: sa vie, son Histoire, son Siècle. Par J. M. Villefranche. Lyons. 1876.

Rome: its Ruler and its Institutions. By John Francis Maguire, M.P. New York. 1858.

Italy in 1848. By L. Mariotti. London. 1851.

The Secret Societies of the European Revolution, 1776-1876. By Thomas Frost. 2 vols. 8vo. London. 1876.

[44]. For a full account of this mission see The Catholic World for January, 1876.

[45]. The Jew of Verona. English translation, 2 vols. 12mo. Baltimore. 1854.

[46]. Villefranche.

[47]. When the Pope launched a bull of excommunication against the spoliators of his territory, Napoleon forbade its publication in France. He allowed the official and radical journals, however, to publish a forged bull, and to ridicule and denounce at pleasure the extravagant language which it imputed to the Holy Father. The bishops tried to expose the forgery, but the press was closed to them.

[48]. The Examiner (London), March 31, 1877.

[49]. The Nineteenth Century (London), March and April, 1877.