[90]. Servant; meaning here a second-rate chronicler.

[91]. Adel, nobility, from edel, noble, our Saxon Ethel and Atheling. The word is here translated by aristocracy rather than nobility—the former being a word of wider signification, and embracing the class of untitled gentlemen (which of course Stolberg included), as well as that of strictly so-called noblemen.

[92]. The italics are ours.

[93]. See The Catholic World, July, 1877: “Marshal MacMahon and the French Revolutionists.”

[94]. See Count von Arnim’s pamphlet, Pro Nihilo.

[95]. If any of our readers wish authentic information on this point, they will find it abundantly in a book entitled Les Libéraux Peints par Eux-Mêmes. Par G. Lebrocquez. Paris: Victor Palmé, 1876.

[96]. An Exposition of the Church, in view of recent Difficulties and Controversies and the present Need of the Age. London: Pickering. 1875. The Catholic World, April, 1875, p. 128.

[97]. Letter of Pope Pius IX. to Mgr. Lachat, April 27, 1876.

[98]. Cesar Cantù’s Univ. Hist., French translation, vol. vii. p. 418, vol. viii. p. 214.

[99]. The term exarchate is here used in its restricted sense.