Answer.—A German may be a Jew, or a Jew a German, Englishman, Frenchman, Italian, American, or of any nationality under the sun. As a Jew his nationality embraces the world; in many respects he still observes the laws of Moses, and by marriage and other peculiar institutions he maintains his race distinctions and national feelings. At the same time he is now in most Christian states a citizen of the land he happens to be born in, and in most such lands is permitted to enjoy all the rights of other citizens, as is the case with American Jews. It was not always so. It is only since the establishment of the German Empire, in 1871, that the Jew has enjoyed full civil equality in Germany. France granted it in 1790, and confirmed this grant in the constitution of 1795. In all but a few petty, contemptible particulars, since 1858 English Jews have enjoyed all the privileges of other British subjects. In Russia and some other European countries the Jew is still denied the rights of citizenship.
DUTIES ON FARM PRODUCTS AND COAL.
Rest, Kas.
Give the present import duty on the various kinds of grain, also potatoes, butter, cheese, and coal, and oblige several readers.
John F. Coulter.
Answer.—The following are the import duties on some of the principal farm products and coal:
| Wheat, seed or other | 20 cts. per bu. of 60 lbs. |
| Wheat flour | 20 per cent |
| Corn | 10 cts. per bu. of 56 lbs. |
| Corn meal | 10 per cent |
| Barley, 48 lbs. to bu. | 15 cts. per bu. |
| Barley, patent | 20 per cent |
| Barley, pearl or hulled | 1 ct. per lb. |
| Barley, pulverized | 20 per cent |
| Oats | 10 cts. per bu. of 32 lbs. |
| Oatmeal | ½ ct. per lb. |
| Rye | 15 cts. per bu. of 56 lbs. |
| Rye flour | 10 per cent |
| Rye shorts | 10 per cent |
The import duty on potatoes, seed or otherwise, is 14 cents per bushel; on butter, 4 cents per pound; on cheese of all kinds, 4 cents per pound; on salt in bulk, 8 cents per 100 pounds; in bags, sacks, barrels, or other packages or in brown earthenware jars, 12 cents per 100 pounds; on bituminous coal, 75 cents per ton of 28 bushels of 80 pounds each; on dust coal, 40 cents per ton; on cannel coal, 75 cents per ton.