[4] In the preparation of this article the following works were used:
Tyranny by the United States in Haiti and Santo Domingo, by Earnest H. Gruening, Managing Editor of The Nation, in Current History, Volume XV, No. 6, March, 1922; Latin America, Clark University Addresses, November, 1913, edited by George H. Blakeslee, Professor of History, Clark University; Caribbean Interests of the United States, by Chester Lloyd Jones, Professor of Political Science, University of Wisconsin; The United States and Latin America, by John Holladay Latané, Professor of History, Johns Hopkins University; The American Intervention in Haiti and the Dominican Republic, in The Annals of The American Academy of Political and Social Science, Volume C, No. 189, March, 1922, by Carl Kelsey, Ph.D., Professor of Sociology, University of Pennsylvania; The Monroe Doctrine and Its Application to Haiti, by William A. MacCorkle, Former Governor of West Virginia, in The Annals of The American Academy of Political and Social Science, Volume LIV, July, 1914; The Haitian Revolution, by T. G. Steward; The Journal of Negro History, Vol. II, No. 4, October, 1917; Independence of South American Republics, by F. L. Paxson; and Treaties and Conventions between the United States and Other Powers, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C.
[5] These facts are well set forth in Steward's Haitian Revolution.
[6] This dock belongs to a sugar company, but it is open to others.
PAUL CUFFE[A]
CHAPTER I
Early Life
The records tell us that on the sixteenth day of February, 1742, in consideration of the sum of one hundred and fifty pounds, Ebenezer Slocum of Dartmouth, Bristol County, Massachusetts, sold to John Slocum of the same city a Negro man.[1] He was about twenty-five years of age and a native African whom, doubtless, a slave trader had brought over some fifteen years before. This Negro was Cuffe by name (also spelled Cuff, Cuffee, and Cuffey) and, in conformity with the custom at that time was called Cuffe Slocum to indicate his master. While the name of the slave does not appear in the bill of sale yet, since the bill is a part of the family papers of his son, it must have been Cuffe.