Mrs. Elizabeth Schick and L. T. Alexander, Archaeological Society of Delaware, Wilmington.
R. H. Landon, Minnesota Archaeological Society, Minneapolis.
Howard A. MacCord, Sr., Archaeology Society of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.
Ronald R. Switzer, Bertrand Conservation Laboratory, DeSoto National Wildlife Refuge, Missouri Valley, Iowa.
The photography is by T. M. Hamilton, Miami, Missouri, except where otherwise noted.
To the many others who have helped, we also wish to express our thanks.
INTRODUCTION
This is presented as an aid in the identification of clay pipes from the general area of Pamplin, Virginia, that might appear in archaeological and historic sites. Interest in these pipes has been stimulated by their being reported as found in various sites in the western United States.
The circumstances under which this information has been gathered and the fact that it has been a number of years since clay pipes were made here, either as a home industry or commercially by the Pamplin Smoking Pipe and Manufacturing Company, leave much to be desired. On the other hand, in our work we have inspected a total of 4,451 Pamplin pipes; of this number 39% were from the factory grounds, and 61% were from the Thornton Store Site and represented the home industry, so we feel that the 39 forms presented represent at least a majority of the pipe forms made at Pamplin.
This is not to say that a similar form could not have been made elsewhere; however the style, the generally heavier and thicker character of the piece, and the finish, or lack of it, as well as the usual deep red color of the Virginia clay, would seem to make these pipes distinctive.