The age of this individual is based on the fact that the basilar suture has just closed and the sacral vertebrae have not completely fused. The sutures have not yet begun to close, and all of the epiphyses of the long boxes have united, suggesting an age range of 19 to 25.
Sex determination is based on morphological and anthropometric characteristics of both the post-cranial and cranial skeleton. The diameter of the femur head is 46 mm, well within the male range (Krogman 1962:143-146). The innominates showed narrow pubic portions and sub-pubic angles. The skull has distinctive muscle markings, large mastoid processes, heavy brow ridges, and a square chin, all of which are characteristically male.
The stature estimation was calculated from the length of the left femur and tibia, using Trotter and Gleser’s formula for Mongoloids (Trotter and Gleser 1958:120). It was calculated to be 5′8.6″ with a range from 5′7.3″ to 5′9.9″ (1.74 cm ± 3.24 cm). As indicated in [Table 2], this individual was hyperbrachycranic or very broad headed. As in Burial 3, lambdoidal flattening was quite noticeable, probably a result of pressure of a cradle board.
Due to the poor condition of the material from the Utlaut site, anatomical comparisons other than male stature are not possible. [Table 3] gives the stature comparisons of the Iowa-Nebraska Oneota material, and they suggest that for height of males, the Utlaut population are most similar to the males at the Leary site in Nebraska.
| Table 1 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Post-cranial Measurements (in millimeters) and Indices for Skeletal Material from The Utlaut Site, 23SA162W | ||||||
| Burial 1 | Burial 2 | Burial 6 | ||||
| R | L | R | L | R | L | |
| Femur | ||||||
| Maximum morphological length | 451 | 455 | — | 485 | — | 454 |
| A-P diameter midshaft | 31 | 31.5 | — | — | — | 27.5 |
| Transverse diameter midshaft | 26 | 27.5 | — | — | — | 24 |
| Maximum diameter of head | — | 46 | — | — | — | 46 |
| Tibia | ||||||
| Maximum morphological length | — | 390 | — | 380 | (392)[1] | 397 |
| A-P diameter nutrient foramen | — | 40 | — | — | 36 | 35 |
| Transverse diameter nutrient foramen | — | 23 | — | — | 26 | 25 |
| Bicondylar breadth | — | 79 | — | — | — | — |
| Post Cranial Indices | ||||||
| Pilastric Index | 119.24 | 114.28 | — | — | — | 116.67 |
| Cnemic Index | — | 56.00 | — | — | 72.22 | 71.42 |
| Crural Index | — | 85.49 | — | — | — | 87.45 |
| Table 2 | |
|---|---|
| Cranial Measurements (in millimeters) and Indices | |
| Burial 2 | |
| Parietal thickness near bregma (average) | 3 |
| Burial 6 | |
| Cranium | |
| Maximum length | 161 |
| Maximum breadth | 150 |
| Basion-bregma | 128 |
| Bizygomatic | 126 |
| Basi-nasal length | 96.5 |
| Basi-alveolar length | 91 |
| Nasion-alveolar height | 68 |
| Left orbital breadth | 43 |
| Left orbital height | 34 |
| Nasal breadth | 24 |
| Nasal height | 52 |
| Palatal length | 46 |
| Palatal breadth | 39 |
| Mandible | |
| Maximum length | (76)[1] |
| Symphysis height | 37 |
| Bigonial diameter | (101)[1] |
| Foramen mentale breadth | 49 |
| Cranial Indices | |
| Cranial module | 146.33 |
| Cranial index | 93.17 |
| Height-length index | 79.50 |
| Height-breadth index | 85.33 |
| Upper facial index | 54.97 |
| Nasal index | 46.15 |
| Orbital index | 79.07 |
| Table 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Comparison of Male Stature for Oneota Indians | ||
| Utlaut Site | Height | |
| Burial 1 (Oneota) | 173.46 | cm |
| Burial 2 (Oneota) | 175.9 | cm |
| Oneota Sites[2] | Mean Height | |
| Leary site (Nebraska) | 173.1 | cm |
| Hartley site (Iowa) | 164.2 | cm |
| Leary site (Nebraska) | 173.1 | cm |
| Flynn site (Iowa) | 169.7 | cm |
| Blood Run site (Iowa) | 168.2 | cm |
| Correctionville site (Iowa) | 171.2 | cm |
| All sites | 170.0 | cm |
A REPORT OF SALVAGE INVESTIGATIONS AT ST. CHARLES, MISSOURI
by J. M. Shippee
In the latter part of August 1956, Mr. Andrew H. McCulloch of St. Charles, Missouri addressed a letter to the Department of Anthropology, University of Missouri, in which he told of the discovery of buried remains which were thought to be of Indian origin. Road construction in a new housing area just north of St. Charles, Missouri had exposed an Indian camp site on high ground overlooking the Missouri-Mississippi River flood plain. Mr. McCulloch had been informed by the land owner, Mr. J. D. Wright, that a portion of a grave had been opened, exposing bones of humans and animals and broken pottery vessels.