Fatty Degeneration, an abnormal condition found in the tissues of the animal body, in which the healthy protoplasm is replaced by fatty granules. It is a sign of defective nutrition, and is common in old age, affecting the muscles, the heart, arteries, kidneys, &c. It is accompanied by great muscular flabbiness and want of energy, the sufferer looking at the same time fat and comparatively well.
Fatty Tissue, in anatomy, the adipose tissue, a tissue composed of minute cells or vesicles, having no communication with each other, but lying side by side in the meshes of the cellular tissue, which serves to hold them together, and through which also the blood-vessels find their way to them. In the cells of this tissue the animal matter called fat is deposited.
Faubourg (fō-bör; Lat. foris, outside, beyond, and burgus, borough), a suburb of French cities; the name is also given to districts now within the city, but which were formerly suburbs without it. Thus the Faubourg St. Germain is a fashionable quarter of Paris in which the ancient nobility still resides.
Fau´ces (Lat., 'jaws'), in anatomy, the throat, the slightly constricted communication between the posterior part of the mouth cavity and the pharynx. The tonsils are lodged in the fauces at the sides of the root of the tongue.
Faucigny (fō-sē-nyē), a district of France, department of Haute Savoie, one of the loftiest districts of Europe, being partly traversed by the Pennine Alps.
Fau´cit, Helena, Lady Martin, was born in 1816, died in 1898. She was the daughter of Mrs. Faucit the actress, and made her debut at the Theatre Royal, Richmond, in 1833, as Juliet in Romeo and Juliet. She first appeared in London at Covent Garden as Julia in The Hunchback, in which she gained a decided success. One of the most important members of Macready's company during the Shakespearean revivals of 1837, she created the heroine's part in Lord Lytton's Lady of Lyons, Money, and Richelieu, and in Browning's Strafford, Blot on the Scutcheon, and Colombe's Birthday. She was married to Sir Theodore (then Mr.) Martin in 1851, after which she but rarely appeared on the stage except for charitable purposes. In 1879 she appeared as Beatrice at the opening of the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre at Stratford-on-Avon. Lady Martin wrote a volume On Some of Shakespeare's Female Characters.
Fault, in geology, a fracture of strata, accompanied by a sliding down or an upheaval of the deposits on the one side of the fracture to a greater distance than the other. Faults are frequently recognizable in coal-beds, the miner coming unexpectedly upon an abrupt wall cutting off the seam. The angle this makes with the plane of the bed he is working usually indicates
whether he must look up or down for its continuation on the other side of the fracture; but reversed faults occur, in which the strata on one side have been pushed up the slope of the plane of fracture. In mines these faults often serve for natural drains. The cut shows at a a the change of position in strata caused by a fault. This is called the throw, and is measured vertically.
Faun, one of a kind of rural deities or demi-gods believed in among the Romans, inhabiting the forests and groves, and differing little from satyrs. Their form was principally human, but with a short goat's tail, pointed ears, and projecting horns; sometimes also with cloven feet. There are some famous antique statues of fauns, The Dancing Faun at the Uffizi in Florence (restored by Michel Angelo); The Dancing Faun at Naples; The Faun (of Praxiteles?) at the Capitoline Museum, Rome; and The Sleeping Faun.