It was determined to relegate the Jews to an inferior status by denying them common privileges and freedoms. Thus, they were denied access to certain city areas, sidewalks, transportation, places, of amusement, restaurants: 1938 Reichsgesetzblatt, Part I, Page 1676.
Progressively more and still more stringent measures were applied, even to the denial of private pursuits. They were excluded from the practice of dentistry: 1939 Reichsgesetzblatt, Part I, Page 47, signed by Defendant Hess.
The practice of law was denied: 1938 Reichsgesetzblatt, Part I, Page 1403, signed by Defendants Frick and Hess.
The practice of medicine was denied: 1938 Reichsgesetzblatt, Part I, Page 969, signed by Defendants Frick and Hess.
They were denied employment by press and radio: 1933 Reichsgesetzblatt, Part I, Page 661.
From stock exchanges and stock brokerage: 1934 Reichsgesetzblatt, Part I, Page 169.
And even from farming: 1933 Reichsgesetzblatt, Part I, Page 685.
In 1938 they were excluded from business in general and from the economic life of Germany: 1938 Reichsgesetzblatt, Part I, Page 1580, signed by the Defendant Göring.
The Jews were forced to pay discriminatory taxes and huge atonement fines. Their homes, bank accounts, real estate, and intangibles were expropriated.
To digress for a moment from a recital of decrees and to refer specifically to the atonement fines, I wish to offer Document 1816-PS, Exhibit Number USA-261. This exhibit is a stenographic report of a conference under the chairmanship of the Defendant Göring, attended by the Defendant Funk among others, held at 11 o’clock on 12 November 1938 at the Reich Ministry for Air. From Pages 8 and 9 of Section 7, I quote the Defendant Göring: