Man is an expression of the historical phase. Wars took place not as a function of the result of men against men, but of empires against empires, or nations against nations, each one in precise mathematical-historical phases, mentioned before, which have their own characteristics and are the reasons for the results of the wars fought.
The first period of great strategic victories, is a federal phase in which the empire is formed. Before beginning the first aggressive process, there may be a loss of territory as, for example, in the Polish Empire, that together with the Kingdom of Boleslas I (992-1025), the conquests made thereby, are almost totally lost during the Kingdom of his successor Mieszko II (1025-1034).
The aggressive process is characterized by peaceful victory or war, where territorial extension is concerned. Conquests and geographical domain extension are a constant. Strategic victory is predominant. With the second Punic War (218-202 B.C.), Rome in its period of great strategic victories, conquers Carthage. Likewise, in the third Roman-Macedonian War, the Macedonian Empire ends (146).
The first period of great strategic victories of the Roman Empire lasts 141 years (270-129 B.C.). The Macedonian Empire was constituted in 750 B.C., with the hegemony over the Lyngestis and other people. Its first aggressive process lasts until the year 506 B.C. The Carthaginian Empire starts its first aggressive process at the beginning of the VII century and ends in the year 340 B.C.
The great depression presents a remarkable social struggle, anarchy, civil war, defeats and lots of conquered territory being possible. The empire can be invaded almost to total ruin in some extreme cases.
The Carthaginian Empire is conquered in the great defeat of Mylae in the year 260. It confronts the Roman Empire in its first period of great strategic victories, Carthage had to surrender and accept the peace imposed by Rome (242). The Muscovite Empire in the great depression is invaded by the second Swedish Empire. The Polish Empire, in the 2nd period of great strategic victories also invades the Muscovite Empire.
The era of great demographic fractionation is characterized by the different fractions in which the empire has been transformed, and in the maintenance of a precise independence, as in the case of the people of Greece between 2700-2050 B.C., 1000-350 B.C., 700-1350 A.D. These people in these eras are not conquered and they cannot do it either. The Medic Wars represent a typical example that is also analyzed in detail in the book “Mathematical-Historical Principles”.
The Peloponnesian War represents interior wars between different nations in an era of great demographic fractionation. The second period of great strategic victories, military disaster and conservation, are the other phases of each unification nucleus.
During the great depression, the empire unifies, the army is organized and conquests and victories begin once more, characteristics of this second aggressive process. The recovery of lost territories with greater territorial expansion. Afterwards, the aspiration of a greater hegemony, looking for new conquests and military disaster takes place. However, this disaster is overcome but with the desire of conquest lessened. The empire is at its conservation phase, its only thought is to maintain the imperial domains. There can still be conquest, but this time having peaceful and benefactor qualities.
Strategic victories alternate with defeats. Afterwards there is an internal imbalance, the spirit of conquest is lost, there is disintegration of the empire, reduction of the imperial body and afterwards, the development of the era of great demographic fractionation; if the nucleus of the empire is disintegrated, it is the second cycle. If it were the first, it would follow an evolution up to the phase of relative independence.