Then, cycles, their internal articulations and changes are normally peaceful. Dr. Deulofeu indicates that the difference between the beginning and the development of the United States, the Latin American Countries and Brazil, is due to the fact that when they became independent from their fatherlands, the phase in Great Britain was that of expansion while the Spanish and Portuguese Empires were declining.

In the mathematics of history, there takes place the beginning of the relative Independence phase that is characterized by an effervescence, political and social instability so that afterwards a period of progress begins.

In conclusion: Hispanic American Countries evolve towards a Unification, integration, in an era of expansion and highest degree of perfection, to a greater or lesser extent, according to their own geographical location and geostrategic, geopolitical and mathematical-historical characteristics

The historical process indicated in the work of Dr. Deulofeu, has been mathematically fulfilled, 50 years having already passed since the publication of his first book in Catalan.

My thesis of Paris and the book “Mathematical Historical Principles”, published in 1967, already 30 years ago, ratifies the international success and projection of the mathematics of history. In the second edition of this book (1993), the pertinent indications of events already fulfilled were made, among others: the fractionation of the U.S.S.R., the unification of Germany, the historical process of Japan, China and the United States of America.

[MATHEMATICAL-HISTORICAL CYCLE MODEL OF A HISPANIC-AMERICAN COUNTRY: VENEZUELA]

The Pre-Columbian stage, the Colony, 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd and 4^th Republic, that begins in 1830 with the separation of the Great Colombia (the Constitution of December 24), make up Venezuelan History.

The 4^th Republic has four defined stages or cycles:

1. General José Antonio Páez (1831-1863), including the sub-period of the Monagas Generals.

2. General Guzmán Blanco (1870-1888).