At the time when Urbain Hémard was publishing his pamphlet in France, several other monographs were already appearing in various parts of Europe on teeth and their affections. A few years after Ryff had initiated dental literature in Germany, other odontological writings were published in Spain and in Italy.

Fig. 66

Title page of Francisco Martinez’s book (Valladolid, 1557).

Francisco Martinez,[320] in 1557, gave to the press in Valladolid a Coloquio breve y compendioso sobre la materia de la dentadura y maravillosa obra de la boca, con muchos remedios y avisos necessarios, y la orden de curar y adreçar los dientes.

Fig. 67

Four of the instruments represented in Francisco Martinez’s book.

Fig. 68