The Temples after the Tuscan fashion were square, having 5 parts in length and 4 in breadth; the Porch which was as great as the rest of the Temple, had 4 Pillars in the Front; the Sides were closed half by the Continuation of the Walls of the Temple, half by 2 Angular Pillars; and there were likewise 2 Pillars in the middle of the Porch: The Temple had 2 Chappels within on each Side.
We find that the Ancients had 14 Sorts of Temples, viz. 1. The Temple without Pillars. 2. The Temple ad antes Simply. 3. The Temple ad Antes, with 2 Pillars upon the same Line with the Antes. 4. The Temple ad antes, with Pillars of an unequal Magnitude. 5. The Prostyle. 6. The Amphiprostyle. 7. The Periptere. 8. The Pseudo-diptere. 9. The Diptere. 10. The Hypethre. 11. The Pseudo-Periptere. 12. The Monoptere. 13. The Round Periptere. 14. The Tuscan. See the Tab. [2,] [3,] [4.]
ART. III.
Of Publick Places, Basilica’s, Theatres, Gates, Baths and Academies.
HE Third Sort of Publick Fabricks are those which are Built for the Convenience and Use of all Lib. 5.
Chap. 1. People; and there are Six Sorts of them, viz. Market-Places, Basilica’s, Theatres, Gates, Baths and Academies.
The Market-Places among the Greeks were surrounded with Pillars close one against another. Among the Romans, the Pillars which environed the Market-Places, had larger Intercolumniations, for they made Peristyles, under which were Shops.
The Proportion of the Market-Places was so ordered, that having divided the length into three parts, they allowed two for the breadth; the Basilica’s had never less breadth than the third part of their length, nor more than the half.
The Pillars were as high as the Isles or Wings were broad, and these Isles or Wings had a third part of the great Vault in the middle.