The Ten Books on Architecture

by Vitruvius Pollio

reticulatum, [51;]
Signinum, [247] f.
Orchestra, reserved for senators, [146;]
of Greek theatre, [151.]
Order appropriate to temples, [15;]
origin of different orders, [102] f.f.
Organ, water, [299] f.
Ὁργανον, [283.]
Orientation of streets, [24] f.f.;
of temples, [116] f.
Orion (constellation), [268.]
Ornaments of the orders, [107] f.f.
Orpiment (ἁρσενικὁν), [214.]
Ostrum, source of purple dye, [220.]
Paconius, [289.]
Paeonius of Ephesus, [200.]
Palaestra, [159] f.f.
Palla, stone quarries at, [49.]
Panels of doors, [118.]
Paphlagonia, intoxicating springs of, [239.]
Παραδρομἱδες, [188.]
Paraetonium, [235;]
white, [214.]
Parapet of theatre, dimensions of, [148.]
Parmenio, [273.]
Paros, [289.]
Pastas, [186.]
Patras, cellae of temple built of brick, [53.]
Patrocles, [273.]
Pausanias, son of Agesipolis, [7.]
Peiraeus, [234;]
naval arsenal at, [198.]
Peisistratus, [199.]
Pelecinum (sun dial), [273.]
Penne, [234.]
Pentaspast (hoisting machine), [285.]
Pergamus, [196.]
Peripteral temple, [75] f.
Peristyle, [186;]
decorations of, [210] f.;
proportions of, [179;]
Rhodian, [186.]
Peritreti, [303] f.
Perseus (constellation), [266.]
Persian Porch, [7.]
Persians, statues of, [8] f.
Perspective, commentaries on by Agatharcus, Anaxagoras, and Democritus, [198.]
Pesaro, [63.]
Pharax of Ephesus, [70.]
Phasis, [231.]
Phidias, [69.]
Philippus (physicist), [269.]
Philip son of Amyntas, [310.]
Philo, [198,] [200;]
of Byzantium, [199.]
Philolaus of Tarentum, [12.]
Philosophy, why useful to architect, [8.]
Phocaea, [103.]
Phrygia, [236.]
Phthia, [102.]
Picenum, [49.]
Picture galleries, [179,] [186.]
Piles, of alder, [61;]
olive, or oak, [88.]
Πἱναξ of water organ, [299.]
Pine, [61.]
Pixodorus discovers marble near Ephesus, [289;]
his name changed to Evangelus, [290.]
Planets, [257] f.f.;
their retrograde movement, [260] f.
Plataea, battle of, [7.]
Plato, [195,] [251;]
rule for doubling the square, [252.]
Πλειἁδες, [189.]
Plinthium (sun dial), [273.]
Πνευματικὁν, [283.]
Po, [231.]
Podium of theatre, height of, [148.]
Pollis, [199.]
Πὁλοι (pivots of heaven), [257.]
Polus (star), [267.]
Polycles of Ephesus, [70.]
Polyclitus, [11,] [69.]
Polyidus, [199,] [310.]
Polyspast (hoisting machine), [288.]
Pompeian pumice, [47.]
Pompey, colonnades of, [154;]
temple of Hercules, [80.]
Pontic wax, [216,] [217.]
Pontus, [214,] [220,] [231,] [236.]
Poplar, [60.]
Pormus, [199.]
Posidonius, [241.]
Pothereus (river), [20.]
Pozzolana, [46] f.
Praxiteles, [199.]
Pressing room, [183] f.
Priene, [103;]
Temple of Minerva at, [11,] [198.]
Primordial substance, [42.]
Prison, location of, [137.]
Proconnesus, [289.]
Pronaos, [114] f.f., [120.]
Proportions, [72,] [174] f.;
of circular temples, [123] f.;
of colonnades, [154] f.;
of columns and intercolumniations, [78] f.f., [116;]
of the Corinthian order, [106] f.;
of doorways of temples, [117] f.f.;
of Doric temples, [109] f.f.;
of the Ionic order, [90] f.f.;
of rooms, [176] f.f.
Propriety, [14] f.f.
Proscaenium of Greek theatre, [151.]
Proserpine temple of Corinthian order, [15;]
temple of, [200.]
Προς παν κλιμα (sun dial), [273.]
Προς τἁ ἱστοροὑμενα (sun dial), [273.]
Prostas, [186.]
Prostyle, [75.]
Proteus, daughters of, [239.]
Prothyra, [188.]
Protropum (wine), [236.]
Προτρυγητἡς (star), [265.]
Pseudisodomum, [52.]
Pseudodipteral temple, [75,] [78,] [82.]
Pseudoperipteral temples, [125.]
Pteroma, [82,] [114,] [125.]
Ptolemy, [196,] [197;]
Philadelphus, [197.]
Public buildings, sites of, [31] f.
Pump of Ctesibius, [297] f.
Purple, [213,] [219;] substitutes for, [220] f.
Puzzuoli, [218.]
Pycnostyle temples, [78] f.;
proportions of columns in, [84.]
Pyrrus, [199.]
Pythagoras, [42,] [130,] [225,] [251,] [269;]
right triangle of, [252] f.
Pytheos, [11,] [109,] [198,] [199.]
Pythian games, [251.]
Quarries of Grotta Rosa, Palla, Fidenae, Campania, Umbria, Picenum, Tivoli, Amiternum, Venetia, Tarquinii, Lake of Bolsena, Ferento, [49,] [50.]
Quicksilver, [215] f.f.
Quirinus, temple of, [78.]
Quiver (sun dial), [273.]
Rainwater, [229] f.f.
Ram, battering, [309] f.;
Hegetor's, [314] f.
Ram (constellation), [266.]
Raven (constellation), [268.]
Raven, a machine of no value, [310] f.
Ravenna, [21,] [61,] [63.]
Reduction of columns, [114.]
Refraction explained, [175.]
Resin, soot of, used to make black, [218.]
Resonant sites of theatres (ἁντηχουντες), [153.]
Retaining walls, [190] f.
Reticulatum opus, [51.]
Retrogression of planets, [261.]
Rhine, [231.]
Rhodes, [55] f., [167,] [219,] [220;]
length of shadow of gnomon at, [270;]
siege of, [316] f.
Rhone, [231.]
River (constellation), [268.]
Rivers rise in the north, [231.]
Rome, [63,] [64,] [78,] [80,] [145,] [217;]
site of, determined by divine intelligence, [174;]
length of shadow of gnomon at, [270.]
Romulus, hut of, [40.]
Roofs, of mud, [39] f.;
timbers of, [107;]
of Tuscan temples, [122;]
of circular temples, [124.]
Rooms, proportions of, [176] f.f.;
proper exposure for, [180] f.;
should be suited to station of the owner, [181] f.
Round Building at Delphi, [198.]
Salmacis, spring of, [54.]
Salpia in Apulia, [21.]
Sambuca illustrates effect of climate on voice, [171.]
Samos, [12,] [103,] [263,] [269,] [273;]
Doric temple of Juno in, [198.]
Sand, [44] f., [48.]
Sandarach, [214;] made from white lead, [219.]
Sardis, [53.]
Sarnacus, [199.]
Saturn (planet), [260,] [261,] [262.]
Satyrus, [199.]
Scaena of theatre, [146;]
dimensions of, [148;]
scheme of, [150;]
decorations of, [150;]
of theatre at Tralles, [212.]
Scale, musical, [141.]
Scaling machine, [311.]
Scamilli impares, [89,] [155,] [320.]
Scaphe (sun dial), [273.]
Scopas, [199.]
Scopinas, [12,] [273.]
Scorpion (constellation), [266.]
Scorpiones, rules for making, [303] f.f.
Scotia, [90,] [112.]
Scutula of ballistae, [306] f.
Seats in theatre, dimensions of, [148.]
Selinusian chalk (ἱσἁτις), [220.]
Semiramis, [235.]
Senate house, location of, [137.]
Septentriones (She-Bears), [267.]
Septimius, P., [199.]
Serapis, site of temple of, [31.]
Serpent (constellation), [266.]
Serpent-holder (constellation), [266.]
Sesterce, [74.]
She-Goat (constellation), [266.]
Ship, motion of, explained, [291.]
Shipyards, [164.]
Sicily, [236.]
Siege machines, [309] f.f.
Signinum work, [247] f.
Signs of the Zodiac, [258;]
sun's course through, [264] f.;
shown on dials, [276] f.
Silanion, [199.]
Silenus, on the proportions of Doric structures, [198.]
Simae (ἑπαιετἱδες), [96,] [108.]
Sinope, [214.]
Smyrna, [197,] [214;]
Stratoniceum at, [154.]
Snake (constellation), [268.]
Socrates, [69,] [70,] [195.]
Soli, [235.]
Soracte, stone quarries of, [49.]
Sounding vessels in the theatre, [143] f.f.
Southern Fish (constellation), [267.]
Spain, [214;]
cinnabar mines of, [217.]
Sparta, paintings on brick walls at, [53.]
Spica (star), [265.]
Stables, [184,] [186.]
Statonia, [50.]
Steelyard, description of, [291.]
Steps of temples odd in number, [88.]
Stereobates, [88.]
Stone, [48,] [49] f.
Stratoniceum, [154.]
Streets, directions of, [24.]
Stucco, [204] f.f.;
in damp places, [208] f.f.
Stucco-workers, Greek, [208.]
Stylobates, [88.]
Substructures of houses, [189] f.f.
Sulphur springs, [233] f.
Sun, [258] f.;
course of, through the twelve signs, [264] f.
Sundials, [273] f.f.;
how designed, [270] f.f.
Sunium, temple of Pallas at, [124.]
Susa, spring at, [240.]
Syene, [231.]
Symmetry, [14;]
in temples and in the human body, [72] f.;
modifications to suit site, [174] f.f.
Syracuse, [273.]
Syria, [231,] [235,] [237.]
Systyle temples, [78] f.;
proportions of columns in, [84;]
Doric, [113.]
Tablinum, proportions of, [178.]
Tarentum, [12,] [255;]
length of shadow of gnomon at, [270.]
Tarquinii, [50.]
Tarsus, [234,] [240.]
Teano, acid springs of, [238.]
Telamones, [188.]
Teleas of Athens, [70.]
Τἑλειον (perfect number), [73] f.
Tempering of iron, [18.]
Temples, classification of, [75] f.f.;
circular, [122] f.f.;
Corinthian, [102] f.;
Doric, [109] f.f.;
Ionic, [90] f.f.;
Tuscan, [120;]
foundations of, [86] f.f.;
orientation of, [116] f.;
proportion of columns of, [78] f.f.;
sites of, [31] f.;
Aesculapius, [15,] [198;]
Apollo, [31,] [78,] [80,] [200;]
Bacchus, [15,] [31,] [82,] [109,] [198;]
Castor, [124;]
Ceres, [32,] [80,] [200;]
Diana, [15,] [78,] [80,] [103,] [124,] [198,] [200,] [288] f.;
Equestrian Fortune, [80;]
Faunus, [75;]
Flora, [15;]
Three Fortunes, [75;]
Hercules, [15,] [31,] [53,] [80;]
Isis, [31;]
Juno, [15,] [31,] [198;]
Jupiter, [14,] [31,] [53,] [75,] [199;]
Honour and Valour, [78,] [200;]
Mars, [15,] [31;]
Mercury, [31,] [54;]
Minerva, [11,] [15,] [31,] [124,] [198;]
Nymphs, [15;]
Proserpine, [15,] [200;]
Quirinus, [78;]
Serapis, [31;]
Vejovis, [124;]
Venus, [15,] [31,] [54;]
Vulcan, [31.]
Teos, [103;]
temple of Bacchus at, [82,] [198.]
Terracina, [236,] [237.]
Testudinate cavaedium, [177.]
Tetrachords, [140] f.f.
Tetrastyle cavaedium, [176.]
Thalamos, [186.]
Thales, [42,] [195,] [225,] [269.]
Thasos, [289.]
Theatre, [137] f.f.;
site of, [137;]
foundations of, [138] f.;
entrances to, [138,] [148;]
plan of Roman, [146] f.f.;
plan of Greek, [151] f.f.;
sounding vessels in, [143] f.;
acoustics of site of, [153] f.f.
Thebes in Egypt, [231.]
Themistocles, colonnade of, [154.]
Theo of Magnesia, [70.]
Theocydes, [199.]
Theodorus, [198.]
Theodorus the Phocian,

[198.]
Theodosius, [273.]
Theodotus, [214.]
Theophrastus, [167,] [241.]
Thessaly, [237.]
Thrace, [237.]
Θυρωρειον, [186.]
Tiber, [231.]
Tigris, [231.]
Timaeus, [241.]
Timavo, [231.]
Timber, [58] f.f.
Timotheus, [54,] [199.]
Tivoli, [233;] stone quarries of, [49.]
Tortoise, [311] f.f.;
of battering ram, [310;]
Hegetor's, [312] f.f.
Torus, [90.]
Towers, construction of, [22] f.;
dimensions of moveable, [310.]
Tralles, [212;]
palace of brick at, [53;]
colonnades at, [154;]
temple of Aesculapius at, [198.]
Treasury, location of, [137.]
Trichalca, [74.]
Triglyphs, origin of, [107] f.f.;
arrangement of, [109] f., [113;]
size of, [112.]
Trispast (hoisting machine), [285.]
Τροχἱλος (scotia), [90.]
Troezen, [54,] [234.]
Troy, [195,] [211,] [237.]
Trypho, Alexandrine architect, [317] f.
Tufa, its qualities, [49.]
Tuscan, cavaedium, [176;]
temples, [120] f.
Twins (constellation), [266.]
Tyana, [235.]
Tympanum, [96,] [122;]
water tympanum, [293.]
Tyre, [309.]
Ulysses, [211.]
Universe, definition of, [257.]
Varro, M. Terentius, [199,] [256.]
Vaultings, [205] f.f.
Vejovis, temple of, [124.]
Velian country, acid springs of, [238.]
Venter (κοιλἱα), [245.]
Venus, Corinthian order appropriate to, [15;]
site of temple of, [31;]
temple of, [54.]
Venus (planet), [259.]
Verdigris, [219.]
Vergiliae, [189.]
Vermilion, [213,] [215;]
preparation of, [216.]
Vesta, altar of, [125.]
Vestorius, [218.]
Vesuvius, [46,] [47.]
Via Campana, [238.]
Vinegar a solvent of rocks, [239.]
Violets used for purple colour, [220.]
Virgin (constellation), [265.]
Vitruvius, education, [13,] [168;]
personal appearance, [36;]
method of writing, [197] f.f.;
military service, [3;]
his basilica at Fano, [134] f.f.
Voice, defined, [138] f.;
pitch of, determined by climate, [171.]
Volutes, [93.]
Voussoirs, [190.]
Vulcan, site of temple of, [31.]
Walks, how to be constructed, [156;]
serve practical purpose, [156.]
Walls, material for, [24;]
methods of building, [51] f.f., [56;]
of brick are durable, [53;]
of rubble, [53.]
Warden (constellation), [265.]
Water (constellation), [268.]
Water, [225] f.f.;
indispensable, [226;]
how to find, [227] f.f.;
properties of, [232] f.f.;
tests of good, [242;]
methods of conducting, [244] f.f.
Water clocks, [273] f.f.
Waterman (constellation), [266.]
Water organ, [299] f.
Water pipes, [244] f.f.
Water screw, [295] f.f.
Water wheels, [294.]
Wattle and daub, [57] f.
Weather prognostics, [269] f.f.
Wells, [244] f.f.
Whale (constellation), [267.]
Wheel (treadmill), [286] f.
White lead, [219,] [238] f.
Willow, [60.]
Winds, names and number of, [26] f.f.;
diagrams of, [29] f.;
orientation of cities with reference to, [24] f.f.
Wine, given its flavour by soil and water, [236;]
lees used to make black, [218.]
Wine rooms, [184.]
Xanthus, [237.]
Xenia, [187.]
Xenophanes, [195,] [269.]
Ξυστὁς, [161,] [188.]
Xuthus, [103.]
Xysta (παραδρομἱδες), [161,] [188.]
Yellow ochre, [220.]
Zacynthus, [235.]
Zama, [240.]
Zea, spring at, [239] f.
Zeno, [195.]
Zodiac, [257] f.f.
Zoilus (Homeromastix), [197.]

FOOTNOTES:

[1] Reading aeque tantam as in new Rose. Codd. sextantem; Schn. quadrantem.

[2] Codd. altitudo.

[3] That is: two metopes with a triglyph between them, and half of the triglyph on either side.

[4] Codd. duae.

[5] 1 Codd. quarto.

[6] Codd. CC. & L.

[7] The remainder of this section is omitted from the translation as being an obvious interpolation.