Hadad] The name begins with the Hebrew letter Ḥēth and therefore differs from the Hadad of verse 46 and of verse 50 and of 2 Chronicles xvi. 2 in which the first letter is Hē, a softer guttural than Ḥeth.
Tema] Isaiah xxi. 14.
³¹Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.
31. Jetur, Naphish] compare v. 18–22.
32, 33 (= Genesis xxv. 1–4).
The Descent of Arabian Tribes from Abraham through Keturah
³²And the sons of Keturah, Abraham’s concubine: she bare Zimran, and Jokshan, and Medan, and Midian, and Ishbak, and Shuah. And the sons of Jokshan; Sheba, and Dedan.
32. Keturah] called a wife of Abraham in Genesis xxv. 1. The Chronicler by calling her a concubine may imply that he considered that the tribes descended from her were not so closely akin to Israel as the Ishmaelites, or possibly he held that Sarah ought to be the only wife of Abraham, and “corrects” his source accordingly.
Medan, Midian] Kindred tribes often bore names only slightly differing in form.
Midian] In Judges viii. 14 the Midianites are reckoned as Ishmaelites.
Sheba, and Dedan] Sheba and Dedan in verse 9 (which belongs to the same source P) are included among the Hamitic peoples. Doubtless the names in the present passage, which comes from J, refer to the same tribes; but J follows a different tradition as to their origin. Possibly there is truth in both views, and the people of Sheba were of mixed African and Arabian descent.