No doubt it has become apparent to the reader that rocks ordinarily occur in great quantities, that they are composed of multitudes of grains (mineral grains), and that their properties and compositions vary with the different minerals which are present in the grains of the rock. A rock can, therefore, be different from a mineral. In fact, a rock may be defined as “an aggregate of mineral particles,” or more broadly “a typical part of the earth.” To focus closer attention on minerals we may discuss them for their own sake below.
MINERALS OF MISSOURI
A mineral is characterized by a constancy of composition and of properties which sets it apart from rocks which vary widely. Minerals may be metallic, like pyrite, or non-metallic, like barite; they may be ore, like galena, or rock-forming, like quartz or feldspar; they may show crystal faces, or they may be fragments with rounded or broken surfaces. A favored definition teaches that “a mineral is a naturally occurring, inorganic substance having a definite chemical composition and definite physical properties, within limits.” The Missouri minerals listed herein include: