Under the circumstances, there is all the more reason that the priceless heritage of racial achievement by the descendants of various racial groups in the United States be told.

The United States has departed a long way from the policy which was recorded in 1795 by the series of coins known as the “Liberty and Security” coins, on which appeared the words “A Refuge for the Oppressed of all Nations”.

ARRIVALS OF ALIEN PASSENGERS AND IMMIGRANTS IN THE UNITED STATES FROM 1820 TO 1892

Prepared by the Bureau of Statistics and published in 1893 by the Government Printing Office.

Countries Whence Arrived1821 to
1830		1831 to
1840		1841 to
1850		1851
to
Dec. 31,
1860		Jan. 1
1861
to June
30, 1870		Fiscal
Years
1871 to
1880		Fiscal
Years
1881 to
1890		Fiscal
Years
1891 and
1892		Total
Austria-Hungary7,80072,969353,719151,178585,666
Belgium27225,0744,7386,7347,22120,1777,34051,333
Denmark1691,0635393,74917,09431,77188,13221,252163,769
France3,49745,57577,26276,35835,98472,20650,46413,291379,637
Germany6,761152,454434,626951,667787,468718,1821,452,970244,3124,748,440
Italy4082,2531,8709,23111,72855,759307,309138,191526,749
Netherlands1,0781,4128,25110,7899,10216,54153,70112,466113,340
Norway and Sweden911,20113,90320,931109,298211,245568,362107,1571,032,188
Russia and Poland916466561,6214,53652,254265,088192,615517,507
Spain and Portugal2,6222,9542,75910,3538,4939,8936,5355,65749,266
Switzerland3,2264,8214,64425,01123,28628,29381,98814,219185,488
United Kingdom
England[(a)]22,16773,143263,332385,643568,128460,479657,488104,5752,534,955
Scotland2,9122,6673,71238,33138,76887,564149,86924,077347,900
Ireland50,724207,381780,719914,119435,778436,871655,482111,1733,592,247
Total United Kingdom75,803283,1911,047,7631,338,0931,042,674984,9141,462,839239,8256,475,102
All other countries of Europe439616511621065610,3184,95416,548
Total Europe98,816495,6881,597,5022,452,6572,064,4072,261,9044,721,602[(b)]1,152,45714,845,038
British North American Possessions2,27713,62441,72359,309153,871383,269392,802[(c)]1,046,875
Mexico4,8176,5993,2713,0782,1915,3621,913[(c)]27,231
Central America10544368449962104625762,310
South America5318563,5791,2241,3969282,3041,34412,162
West Indies3,83412,30113,52810,6609,04313,95729,0425,67398,038
Total America11,56433,42462,46974,720166,597403,726426,5237,5931,186,616
Alien Passengers from October 1, 1820, to December 31, 1867, and Immigrants from January 1, 1868, to June 30, 1892.

[(a)] Includes Wales and Great Britain not specified. According to William J. Bromwell’s History of Emigration to the United States, published in 1856 by Redfield of New York, 1,000,000 of this number were from Ireland, which is probably accurate. During and after the Irish famine large numbers of Irish who could not find money for the passage to the United States did find it possible to go to England to work in coal mines, factories, and in seasonal agricultural employment; the money secured from which enabled them to embark for the United States from various English ports, which explains Bromwell’s estimate.

[(b)] Includes 777 from Azores and 5 from Greenland.

[(c)] Immigrants from British North American Possessions and Mexico are not included since July 1, 1885.

Author’s Note: Official statistics of immigration to the United States began in 1819, so that statements as to the number of aliens arriving prior to that time are largely guesswork.