The Gift of Black Folk: The Negroes in the Making of America

by W. E. B. Du Bois

[20] Young, Special Report on Immigration, Phila., 1871, p. 5.

[21] Bromwell, p. 145.

[22] Ibid., p. 16.

[23] Ibid., p. 18.

[24] Ibid., pp. 16-17.

[25] Young, p. 6.

[26] Ibid., p. 6.

[27] Special Consular Reports, Vol. 30, p. 8.

[28] Immigration and Emigration, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, 1915, p. 1099.

[29] Ibid.