| 1738, | John Jay, fly-shuttle. |
| John Wyatt, spinning by rollers. | |
| 1748, | Lewis Paul, carding-machine. |
| 1760, | Robert Kay, drop-box. |
| 1769, | Richard Arkwright, water-frame and throstle. |
| James Watt, steam-engine. | |
| 1772, | James Lees, improvements on carding-machine. |
| 1775, | Richard Arkwright, series of combinations. |
| 1779, | Samuel Compton, mule. |
| 1785, | Edmund Cartwright, power-loom. |
| 1803–4, | Radcliffe and Johnson, dressing-machine. |
| 1817, | Roberts, fly-frame. |
| 1818, | William Eaton, self-acting frame. |
| 1825–30, | Roberts, improvements on mule. |
Cf. Baines, History of the Cotton Manufacture, pp. 116–231; Encyclopædia Britannica, 9th ed., article "Cotton."
[3] Baines, History of the Cotton Manufacture, p. 215. A bale weighed from 375 lbs. to 400 lbs.
[4] The prices cited are from Newmarch and Tooke, and refer to the London market. The average price in 1855–60 was about 7d.
[5] From United States census reports.
[6] Cf. United States census reports; and Olmsted, The Cotton Kingdom.
[7] Cf. United States census reports; and Olmsted, The Cotton Kingdom.
[8] As early as 1836 Calhoun declared that he should ever regret that the term "piracy" had been applied to the slave-trade in our laws: Benton, Abridgment of Debates, XII. 718.
[9] Governor J.H. Hammond of South Carolina, in Letters to Clarkson, No. 1, p. 2.
[10] In 1826 Forsyth of Georgia attempted to have a bill passed abolishing the African agency, and providing that the Africans imported be disposed of in some way that would entail no expense on the public treasury: Home Journal, 19 Cong. 1 sess. p. 258. In 1828 a bill was reported to the House to abolish the agency and make the Colonization Society the agents, if they would agree to the terms. The bill was so amended as merely to appropriate money for suppressing the slave-trade: Ibid., 20 Cong. 1 sess., House Bill No. 190.